闽江河口短叶茳芏盐沼CH<sub>4</sub>排放部分抵消生态系统净CO<sub>2</sub>吸收

江少锋; 仝川; 方淑媛; 黄佳芳; 禹仪轩; 高居娟; 李琳

闽江河口短叶茳芏盐沼CH₄排放部分抵消生态系统净CO₂吸收

江少锋^1,,
仝川^{1, 2, 3, 4, ,},
方淑媛¹,
黄佳芳^{1, 2, 3, 4},
禹仪轩¹,
高居娟^{3, 4},
李琳¹

1.
福建师范大学地理科学学院，福州 350007
2.
湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室，福建师范大学，福州 350007
3.
福建闽江河口湿地生态系统定位观测研究站（国家林草局），福州 350215
4.
福州市滨海湿地生态研究中心，福州 350215

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目“滨海湿地生态系统蓝碳碳汇和综合生态服务功能”（2022YFC3105401）；国家自然科学基金面上项目“土壤氮本底值在河口潮滩沼泽湿地甲烷动态对不同形态氮负荷增加的响应中的角色”（42177213）；中央专项财政支持项目“福州市滨海湿地蓝碳碳汇现状与碳贸易研究”[350182]FJYHZB[GK]2024001。

详细信息

作者简介:
江少锋（2002—），男，主要从事滨海湿地碳循环研究。E-mail：Jstrelitzia@163.com

通讯作者:
仝川，教授，主要研究方向为滨海湿地碳循环研究。E-mail: tongch@fjnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-03-08
- 修回日期: 2026-04-23
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-27

CH₄ emissions partially offset net ecosystem CO₂ uptake in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh in Min River estuary

Jiang Shaofeng^1
,,
Tong Chuan^{1, 2, 3, 4
, ,},
Fang Shuyuan¹,
Huang Jiafang^{1, 2, 3, 4},
Yu Yixuan¹,
Gao Jujuan^{3, 4},
Li Lin¹

1.
School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
3.
Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Minjiang Estuary, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou 350215, China
4.
Fuzhou Coastal Wetland Ecology Research Center, Fuzhou 350215, China

摘要

摘要: 滨海盐沼生态系统具有高效的固碳-储碳能力，但同时也是不可忽视的甲烷（CH₄）排放源。全球变暖潜势（global warming potential, GWP）为衡量单位质量温室气体在一定时间尺度内，相对于 CO₂的增温效应的指标，长时间尺度下CH₄ 的GWP明显高于二氧化碳（CO₂）。科学量化滨海盐沼CH₄排放对其生态系统净CO₂吸收的抵消强度以及精确测定其生态系统碳汇速率，对于区域尺度滨海蓝碳生态系统碳汇规模的评估至关重要。本研究运用“透明箱+不同遮光率布罩+痕量气体红外分析仪+模型”组合技术，高频观测和评估闽江河口短叶茳芏（Cyperus malaccensis）盐沼生态系统净CO₂交换（net ecosystem exchange of CO₂, NEE）、生态系统呼吸（ecosystem respiration, ER），并同步观测CH₄排放通量，以期量化短叶茳芏盐沼年尺度碳汇速率及CH₄排放对生态系统净CO₂吸收的抵消比例。短叶茳芏盐沼NEE具有显著的季节波动，各月份均大气CO₂净吸收汇，年尺度NEE为−5970.2 ± 895.9 g CO₂/(m²·a)，年CH₄排放通量为18.5 ± 0.2 g CH₄/(m²·a)。综合考虑CH₄排放的GWP₂₀和 GWP₁₀₀，短叶茳芏盐沼生态系统碳汇速率分别为4543.5 和5486.8g CO₂−eq /(m²·a)，CH₄排放对生态系统净CO₂吸收的抵消比例分别为25.7%和8.7%。闽江河口短叶茳芏盐沼CH₄排放虽然部分抵消其生态系统净CO₂吸收，但是仍具有较强的碳汇功能，在减缓全球气候变暖过程中发挥着重要作用。
- 净生态系统CO₂交换 /
- CH₄排放通量 /
- 碳汇速率 /
- 抵消 /
- 短叶茳芏盐沼 /
- 滨海蓝碳生态系统
Abstract: Coastal salt marsh ecosystems exhibit high efficiency in carbon fixation and storage, but they are also non-negligible sources of methane (CH₄) emissions. Global Warming Potential (GWP) is an indicator that measures the warming effect of a unit mass of greenhouse gas relative to CO₂ over a specific time horizon. The GWP of CH₄ over long timescales is significantly higher than that of carbon dioxide (CO₂). Therefore, scientific quantification of offset intensity of net ecosystem CO₂ uptake by CH₄ emissions in coastal salt marshes and accurate determination of ecosystem carbon sink rates are crucial to assess the carbon sink magnitude of blue carbon ecosystems at regional scales. This study employed a combination of techniques, including a “transparent chamber combined with shades of varying light transmittance, trace gas infrared analyzers, and modeling” to conduct high-frequency observations and assessment of the net ecosystem exchange of CO₂ (NEE) and ecosystem respiration (ER) in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh of the Minjiang River Estuary, simultaneously, also measured the CH₄ fluxes , and finally quantified the annual carbon sink rate of the C. malaccensis salt marsh and the offset of net ecosystem CO₂ uptake by CH₄ emissions. NEE of the C. malaccensis salt marsh exhibited significant seasonal variation, with net atmospheric CO₂ uptake occurring in all months. The annual NEE was −5970.2 ± 895.9 g CO₂/(m²·a). and the annual CH₄ flux was 18.5 ± 0.2 g CH₄/(m²·a). Considering theGWP₂₀ and GWP₁₀₀, the ecosystem carbon sink rates of the C. malaccensis salt marsh were 4543.47 and 5486.8 g CO₂-eq/(m²·a), respectively. The offset ratios of net ecosystem CO₂ uptake by CH₄ emissions were 25.7% and 8.7%, respectively. Although CH₄ emissions partially offset the net ecosystem CO₂ uptake in the C. malaccensis salt marsh of the Minjiang River Estuary, the C. malaccensis salt marsh ecosystem still exhibits a strong carbon sink function, and plays a significant role in mitigating global climate warming.
- net ecosystem exchange of CO₂ /
- CH₄ emission /
- carbon sink rate /
- offset /
- Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh /
- coastal blue carbon ecosystem

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图 1 研究区及研究样地位置图

Fig. 1 Location of the study area and sampling sites

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图 2 短叶茳芏盐沼正午时刻GPP、ER和NEE的动态变化

Fig. 2 Variations of midday GPP, ER, and NEE in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh of the Minjiang River estuary

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图 3 短叶茳芏盐沼GPP与PAR的拟合曲线以及ER与气温的拟合曲线

Fig. 3 Light response curves and the relationship between ecosystem respiration and air temperature for the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh

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图 4 短叶茳芏盐沼各季节典型月份CO₂通量日进程变化(平均值±标准误差)

Fig. 4 Diurnal dynamics of CO₂ fluxes in typical months of each season in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh (mean ± standard error)

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图 5 短叶茳芏盐沼日GPP、ER和NEE的动态变化

Fig. 5 Variation of daily GPP, ER, and NEE in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh

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图 6 短叶茳芏盐沼正午时刻CH₄排放通量和月CH4排放通量的动态变化. (a) 测定日正午时刻CH₄排放通量；(b) 月CH₄排放通量

Fig. 6 Dynamics of midday and monthly CH₄ fluxes in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marshes. (a) Midday CH₄ fluxes; (b) Monthly CH₄ fluxes

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图 7 基于不同时间尺度GWP的短叶茳芏盐沼月碳汇/碳源速率动态变化

Fig. 7 Variation in monthly carbon sink/source rate of the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh based on different GWP values

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图 8 短叶茳芏盐沼的月、季节整合的CH₄排放对月、季节净CO₂吸收的抵消比例的变化 (a)短叶茳芏盐沼CH₄月排放对月净CO₂吸收抵消比例的动态变化；(b, c)短叶茳芏盐沼CH₄季节排放对季节净CO₂吸收的抵消比例. ×: 该月份盐沼为净CO₂ 排放源，故不存在CH₄ 排放对净CO₂的抵消比例

Fig. 8 Temporal variations in the offset of net CO₂ uptake by CH₄ emissions at monthly and seasonal scales in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh. (a) Variations in the offset of net CO₂ uptake by monthly CH₄ emissions in Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh over 20-year and 100-year time horizons; (b,c) Variations in the offset of net CO₂ uptake by seasonal CH₄ emissions in Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh over 20-year and 100-year time horizons; ×: indicates that the salt marsh was a net CO₂ source during that month, and therefore no offset by CH₄ emissions.

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图 9 闽江河口短叶茳芏盐沼NEE、碳汇速率及CH₄排放对净CO₂吸收抵消强度的汇总

Fig. 9 Summary of NEE, carbon sink rate and offset of net CO₂ uptake by CH₄ emissions in the Cyperus malaccensis salt marsh in the Minjiang River estuary

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