基于线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因的中国沿海相手蟹系统发育研究

徐岩; 潘红平; 阎冰; 高霆炜; 吴斌; 杨明柳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.08.006

基于线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因的中国沿海相手蟹系统发育研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.08.006

徐岩^{1, 2,},
潘红平¹,
阎冰²,
高霆炜²,
吴斌²,
杨明柳^2, ,

1.
广西大学动物科学技术学院，广西南宁 530004
2.
广西科学院广西红树林研究中心广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室，广西北海 536000

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划科技基础资源调查专项（2017FY100704）；广西自然科学基金项目（2017GXNSFBA198163）。

详细信息

作者简介:
徐岩（1992—），男，山东省日照市人，主要从事动物资源保护研究。E-mail：mangrovexuyan@126.com

通讯作者:
杨明柳，助理研究员，主要从事海洋生物研究，E-mail：yangmingliu2010@163.com

中图分类号: Q959.223
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-01
- 修回日期: 2019-06-13
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-21
- 刊出日期: 2019-08-25

Molecular phylogeny of the sesarmid crab based on the partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes from the coast of China

Xu Yan^{1, 2
,},
Pan Hongping¹,
Yan Bing²,
Gao Tingwei²,
Wu Bin²,
Yang Mingliu^{2
, ,}

1.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2.
Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai 536000, China

摘要

摘要: 相手蟹科的诸多种类因其形态极其相似成为方蟹总科分类中疑问较多的一个类群。通过对中国沿海相手蟹线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因序列进行分子系统发育分析，结果表明14种相手蟹COI和16S rRNA基因序列之间差异分别为5.7%～14.5%和1.5%～12.1%，均达到了种间差异水平。构建的系统发育树显示，14种相手蟹分别为独立有效物种，但分属于拟相手蟹属和近相手蟹属的4种拟相手蟹和3种近相手蟹，没有分别形成2个独立的支系，而是混合聚成一大支系。而属于螳臂相手蟹属的无齿螳臂相手蟹则首先与属于中相手蟹属的中华中相手蟹聚成一支，再与红螯螳臂相手蟹聚为一大支，表现出与形态分类的不一致。错综复杂的分子系统关系预示着相手蟹类为多系起源，也表明它们之间的种间关系乃至于属间关系尚有诸多问题有待进一步厘定。
- 相手蟹 /
- 线粒体DNA /
- COI基因 /
- 16S rRNA基因 /
- 系统发育
Abstract: The species in the family of Sesarmidae are among the species mostly difficult to be differentiated taxonomically in the Superfamily Grapsoidea because of their morphological similarity. The analysis of partial sequences of mitochondrial COI gene and 16S rRNA gene of 14 species in 8 genera of Sesarmidae for their molecular phylogenetics reveals that the percentages of sequence divergences of 14 species of Sesarmidae are from 5.7% to 14.5% and from 1.5% to 12.1%, both indicating that the species difference are significant. The phylogenetic trees show that the 14 species are separate and valid species and 4 species of Parasesarma and 3 species of Perisesarma are not 2 independent clades but clustered into 1 clade. Chiromantes dehaani and Sesarmops sinensis are clustered into one clade and then clustered with C. haematocheir into another clade, inconsistent with their morphological classification. The complicated molecular phylogenetic relationship among the species of Sesarmidae suggests that the species in the family of Sesarmidae might have polyphyletic origin, and their interspecific relationship or intergenus relationship need to be clarified.
- Sesarmidae /
- mitochondrial DNA /
- COI gene /
- 16S rRNA gene /
- phylogeny

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图 1 基于相手蟹及外群弧边招潮COI基因构建的贝叶斯分析方法（BI）和最大似然法（ML）系统树

BI/ML的值分别标在相应的分支上，值支持率小于50%的不显示，“–”表示分支不存在

Fig. 1 Inferred phylogenetic relationships based on nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial COI gene of Sesarmidae species using Bayesian (BI) and maximum likelihood method (ML) analyses. U. arcuata is used as the outgroup

The value of BI/ML is marked on the corresponding branch. If the support rate is less than 50%, it will not be displayed. "–" means that the branch does not exist

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图 2 基于相手蟹及外群弧边招潮16S rRNA基因构建的贝叶斯分析方法（BI）和最大似然法（ML）系统树

BI/ML的值分别标在相应的分支上，值支持率小于50%的不显示，“–”表示分支不存在

Fig. 2 Inferred phylogenetic relationships based on nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene of Sesarmidae species using Bayesian (BI) and maximum likelihood method (ML) analyses. U. arcuata is used as the outgroup

The value of BI/ML is marked on the corresponding branch. If the support rate is less than 50%, it will not be displayed. "–" means that the branch does not exist

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表 1 测序用14种相手蟹及外群弧边招潮取样信息

Tab. 1 The information of 14 Sesarmidae species and outgroup Uca arcuata

代码	种类	采集地点	样本量/只	采样时间
Pa	近亲拟相手蟹 Parasesarma affine	北海高德镇草头村 21°33′38.7″N，109°09′21.8″E	3	2012年7月
Pp	斑点拟相手蟹 Parasesarma pictum	汕头澳头苏埃湾红树林 23°19′29.3″N，116°42′58.3″E	1	2013年6月
Pt	三栉拟相手蟹 Parasesarma tripectinis	雷州企水海角村 20°48′13.2″N，109°44′9.7″E	2	2012年10月
Pu	Parasesarma ungulatum	海南三亚青梅港 18°13′27.3″N，109°37′7.0″E	9	2012年10月
Pb	双齿近相手蟹 Perisesarma bidens	北海高德镇草头村 21°33′38.7″N，109°09′21.8″E	3	2012年7月
Pe	Perisesarma eumolpe	海南洋浦 19°46′8.8″N，109°15′15.0″E	1	2012年10月
Pm	米埔近相手蟹 Perisesarma maipoensis	海南洋浦 19°46′8.8″N，109°15′15.0″E	3	2012年10月
Ev	泡粒上相手蟹 Episesarma versicolor	海南东寨港 19°58′34.2″N，110°33′34.4″E	3	2012年10月
Nm	小相手蟹 Nanosesarma minutum	汕头澳头苏埃湾红树林 23°19′29.3″N，116°42′58.3″E	2	2013年6月
Ss	中华中相手蟹 Sesarmops sinensis	深圳福田红树林 22°31′13.6″N，114°01′32.9″E	3	2013年6月
Cd	无齿螳臂相手蟹 Chiromantes dehaani	珠海淇澳红树林 22°23′45.4″N，113°38′37.8″E	1	2013年6月
Ch	红螯螳臂相手蟹 Chiromantes haematocheir	山东日照两城东河南村 35°33′34.48″N，119°37′51.0″E	2	2004年6月
Sg	吉氏胀蟹 Sarmatium germaini	海南东寨港 19°58′34.2″N，110°33′34.4″E	6	2012年10月
Cs	中华泥毛蟹 Clistocoeloma sinense	龙海市紫泥镇金定村 24°28′6.4″N，117°54′19.5″E	1	2012年9月
Ua	弧边招潮 Uca arcuata	阳江市阳西县程村镇 21°46′12.4″N，111°44′49.8″E	1	2013年6月

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表 2 14种相手蟹和外群弧边招潮COI和16S rRNA基因信息

Tab. 2 The COI gene and 16S rRNA gene information of 14 Sesarmidae species and outgroup U. arcuata

种类	单倍型（COI/16S rRNA）代码	碱基含量/% （COI/16S rRNA）					序列长度/bp （COI/16S rRNA）	基因库登录号（COI/16S rRNA）
种类	单倍型（COI/16S rRNA）代码	A	T	G	C	A+T	序列长度/bp （COI/16S rRNA）	基因库登录号（COI/16S rRNA）
近亲拟相手蟹 P. affine	Pa/Pa	29.0/37.1	36.9/39.2	17.1/15.0	17.0/8.7	65.9/76.3	631/507	MK611589/KU052882^[5]
斑点拟相手蟹 P. pictum	Pp/Pp	29.5/37.2	38.0/38.7	17.4/15.7	15.1/8.4	67.5/75.9	631/511	MK611594/KU052884^[5]
三栉拟相手蟹 P. tripectinis	Pt1/Pt	30.1/37.3	38.2/38.1	16.3/15.8	15.4/8.8	68.3/75.4	631/520	MK611595/KU052885^[5]
三栉拟相手蟹 P. tripectinis	Pt2	30.0	38.2	16.5	15.3	68.2	631/520	MK611596
P. ungulatum	Pu1/Pu	29.2/36.6	38.4/38.9	16.5/15.8	15.9/8.7	67.6/75.5	631/517	MK611597/KU052886^[5]
	Pu2	29.2	38.5	16.5	15.8	67.7		MK611598
	Pu3	29.0	38.4	16.6	16.0	67.4		MK611599
	Pu4	29.2	38.2	16.5	16.1	67.4		MK611600
双齿近相手蟹 P. bidens	Pb1/Pb	28.8/37.4	38.2/39.0	17.3/15.3	15.7/8.3	67.0/76.4	631/497	MK611590/MK967687
双齿近相手蟹 P. bidens	Pb2	28.8	38.4	17.1	15.7	67.2	631/497	MK611591
P. eumolpe	Pe/Pe	28.5/36.8	39.0/38.4	17.3/16.2	15.2/8.6	67.5/75.2	631/513	MK611592/MK967688
米埔近相手蟹 P. maipoensis	Pm/Pm	28.7/37.4	37.9/38.9	16.6/14.6	16.8/9.1	66.6/76.3	631/519	MK611593/MK967689
泡粒上相手蟹 E. versicolor	Ev/Ev	28.7/35.2	38.8/38.9	16.6/16.4	15.9/9.5	67.5/74.1	631/512	MK611586/MK967685
小相手蟹 N. minutum	Nm1/Nm	30.9/37.9	37.2/39.2	16.2/14.8	15.7/8.1	68.1/77.1	631/494	MK611587/MK967686
小相手蟹 N. minutum	Nm2	30.9	37.2	16.2	15.7	68.1	631/494	MK611588
中华中相手蟹 S. sinensis	Ss1/Ss	31.4/36.6	37.3/38.6	16.2/16.1	15.1/8.7	68.7/75.2	631/508	MK611605/MK967691
中华中相手蟹 S. sinensis	Ss2	31.4	37.2	16.2	15.2	68.6	631/508	MK611606
无齿螳臂相手蟹 C. dehaani	Cd1/Cd	30.3/36.6	37.1/38.9	16.9/16.0	15.7/8.5	67.4/75.5	631/506	MK611581/MK967682
	Cd2	30.4	37.1	16.8	15.7	67.5		MK611582
	Cd3	30.4	36.8	16.8	16.0	67.2		MK611583
红螯螳臂相手蟹 C. haematocheir	Ch/Ch	30.0/37.2	38.2/38.8	16.3/15.5	15.5/8.5	68.2/76.0	631/505	MK611584/MK967683
吉氏胀蟹 S. germaini	Sg1/Sg	29.8/35.1	38.8/39.4	15.5/16.7	15.9/8.8	68.6/74.5	631/513	MK611601/MK967690
	Sg2	30.0	38.7	15.5	15.8	68.7		MK611602
	Sg3	29.5	37.2	16.3	17.0	66.7		MK611603
	Sg4	29.5	37.4	16.3	16.8	66.9		MK611604
中华泥毛蟹 C. sinense	Cs/Cs	29.3/36.4	37.1/39.0	16.6/15.2	17.0/9.4	66.4/75.4	631/500	MK611585/MK967684
平均		29.7/36.8	37.9/38.9	16.5/15.6	15.9/8.7	67.6/75.7	631/509
弧边招潮 U. arcuata	Ua/Ua	29.2/34.7	32.2/37.1	17.1/18.5	21.5/9.7	61.4/71.8	631/493	MK611607/MK967692

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表 3 14种相手蟹COI基因种间和种内的遗传距离

Tab. 3 Interspecific and intraspecific genetic distances of COI gene among 14 Sesarmidae species

	Cd1	Cd2	Cd3	Ch	Cs	Ev	Nm1	Nm2	Pa	Pb1	Pb2	Pe	Pm	Pp	Pt1	Pt2	Pu1	Pu2	Pu3	Pu4	Sg1	Sg2	Sg3	Sg4	Ss1	Ss2
Cd1
Cd2	0.002
Cd3	0.005	0.003
Ch	0.081	0.079	0.083
Cs	0.121	0.119	0.123	0.106
Ev	0.113	0.111	0.111	0.115	0.102
Nm1	0.113	0.111	0.115	0.109	0.118	0.137
Nm2	0.115	0.113	0.117	0.111	0.117	0.137	0.003
Pa	0.143	0.141	0.145	0.122	0.134	0.132	0.127	0.127
Pb1	0.124	0.122	0.126	0.122	0.134	0.135	0.123	0.123	0.094
Pb2	0.124	0.122	0.126	0.122	0.132	0.134	0.123	0.123	0.094	0.002
Pe	0.130	0.128	0.132	0.111	0.132	0.134	0.102	0.102	0.104	0.073	0.072
Pm	0.119	0.117	0.117	0.122	0.128	0.107	0.126	0.128	0.114	0.117	0.117	0.097
Pp	0.119	0.117	0.121	0.110	0.123	0.113	0.126	0.125	0.113	0.108	0.108	0.106	0.108
Pt1	0.109	0.107	0.111	0.098	0.117	0.105	0.119	0.117	0.110	0.100	0.100	0.102	0.098	0.057
Pt2	0.107	0.105	0.109	0.100	0.119	0.107	0.117	0.115	0.111	0.102	0.102	0.104	0.100	0.058	0.002
Pu1	0.104	0.102	0.106	0.106	0.122	0.120	0.104	0.104	0.099	0.086	0.086	0.090	0.101	0.100	0.097	0.099
Pu2	0.102	0.100	0.104	0.107	0.120	0.119	0.106	0.106	0.098	0.084	0.084	0.088	0.099	0.099	0.095	0.097	0.002
Pu3	0.100	0.098	0.102	0.106	0.122	0.120	0.106	0.106	0.098	0.082	0.082	0.090	0.101	0.100	0.097	0.099	0.005	0.006
Pu4	0.106	0.104	0.107	0.107	0.124	0.122	0.106	0.106	0.099	0.088	0.088	0.092	0.101	0.102	0.099	0.100	0.002	0.003	0.006
Sg1	0.106	0.104	0.104	0.082	0.113	0.115	0.113	0.113	0.132	0.128	0.128	0.124	0.117	0.104	0.082	0.084	0.107	0.106	0.107	0.109
Sg2	0.108	0.106	0.106	0.084	0.115	0.117	0.115	0.115	0.134	0.130	0.130	0.126	0.119	0.106	0.084	0.086	0.109	0.107	0.109	0.111	0.002
Sg3	0.111	0.110	0.110	0.090	0.121	0.123	0.125	0.125	0.142	0.140	0.139	0.132	0.130	0.110	0.096	0.098	0.109	0.108	0.109	0.111	0.029	0.031
Sg4	0.113	0.111	0.111	0.088	0.123	0.125	0.123	0.123	0.140	0.138	0.137	0.130	0.132	0.111	0.095	0.096	0.111	0.109	0.111	0.113	0.028	0.029	0.002
Ss1	0.065	0.064	0.067	0.079	0.123	0.113	0.102	0.104	0.134	0.120	0.120	0.115	0.123	0.111	0.102	0.104	0.107	0.106	0.104	0.109	0.095	0.097	0.108	0.106
Ss2	0.067	0.065	0.069	0.081	0.121	0.111	0.104	0.105	0.132	0.118	0.118	0.117	0.124	0.113	0.104	0.105	0.106	0.104	0.102	0.107	0.093	0.095	0.106	0.104	0.002

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