南极海冰变化及其气候效应研究述评

王今菲; 杨清华; 于乐江; 宋米荣; 罗昊; 施骞; 李雪薇; 闵超; 刘骥平

doi:10.12284/hyxb2021151

南极海冰变化及其气候效应研究述评

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021151

王今菲^{1, 2,},
杨清华^{1, 2, ,},
于乐江³,
宋米荣⁴,
罗昊^{1, 2},
施骞^{1, 2},
李雪薇^{1, 2},
闵超^{1, 2},
刘骥平⁴

1.
中山大学大气科学学院热带大气海洋系统科学教育部重点实验室，广东珠海 519082
2.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（珠海），广东珠海 519082
3.
中国极地研究中心自然资源部极地科学重点实验室，上海 200136
4.
中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室，北京 100029

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41941009，42006191）；广东省自然科学基金（2018A0303130268）

详细信息

作者简介:
王今菲（1998-），女，江苏省扬州市人，主要从事南极海冰变化研究。E-mail：wangjf35@mail2.sysu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杨清华，男，教授，主要从事极地海冰和大气研究。E-mail: yangqh25@mail.sysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P731.15
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- 文章访问数: 1246
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-07
- 修回日期: 2021-06-21
- 网络出版日期: 2021-07-12
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-25

A review on Antarctic sea ice change and its climate effects

Wang Jinfei^{1, 2
,},
Yang Qinghua^{1, 2
, ,},
Yu Lejiang³,
Song Mirong⁴,
Luo Hao^{1, 2},
Shi Qian^{1, 2},
Li Xuewei^{1, 2},
Min Chao^{1, 2},
Liu Jiping⁴

1.
School of Atmospheric Sciences and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
2.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
3.
Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 南极海冰是全球气候系统的重要组成部分。不同于北极海冰的快速减少，近40年来，南极海冰范围在2014年前是缓慢增加、后是突变减少。单一的大尺度大气环流因素无法解释南极海冰的长期变化趋势，海洋−大气相互作用对海冰的耦合影响还未得到充分研究。受南极海冰厚度遥感观测和数值模拟能力所限，现有数据仍无法准确量化全球变化背景下南极海冰的厚度和体积变化；目前南极海冰变化的气候效应还未充分明确。当前国内外对南极海冰研究的不足迫切要求发展长期可靠的南极海冰厚度数据，以突破南极海冰体积变化研究的难题，同时应综合考虑多气候模态和海气系统耦合的作用，研究南极海冰变化的机制及其气候效应。
- 南极 /
- 海冰范围 /
- 海冰厚度 /
- 气候效应
Abstract: Antarctic sea ice plays an important role in the global climate system. In contrast to the rapid decrease in Arctic sea ice extent, Antarctic sea ice extent exhibits a gradually increasing trend before 2014, followed by an abrupt decline in the last four decades. A single large-scale atmospheric circulation cannot fully explain the long-term trend of Antarctic sea ice, and the coupling influence of ocean-atmosphere interactions has not been sufficiently investigated. Limited by the capabilities of remote sensing and numerical simulation, the Antarctic sea ice thickness and volume variations in the context of global change cannot be quantified precisely with currently available sea ice thickness and volume data. Moreover, the climate effects of Antarctic sea ice change require further investigation. Hence it is strongly urgent to develop a long-term and reliable Antarctic sea ice thickness data set to quantify the Antarctic sea ice volume change. Meanwhile, the influences of multi-climate modes and ocean-atmosphere coupling system on the Antarctic sea ice changes should be considered comprehensively.
- Antarctic /
- sea ice extent /
- sea ice thickness /
- climate effects

HTML全文

图 1 1979–2020年南、北极海冰范围异常的时间序列（相比1981–2010年气候态异常平均而言）

数据来源：美国国家冰雪数据中心，细线表示月平均的海冰范围异常，粗线表示12年滑动平均的海冰范围异常（据文献[22]绘制）

Fig. 1 Time series of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent anomaly from 1979 to 2019 compared with the climatology from 1981 to 2010

The data is from National Snow and Ice Data Center. Thin lines represent monthly average sea ice extent anomalies and thick lines represent the 12-year running mean of sea ice extent anomalies. This figure is modified based on reference [22]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 1979–2014年南极海冰密集度变化趋势（引自文献[29]中图4）

Fig. 2 The trend of Antarctic sea ice concentration from 1979 to 2014 (this figure is cited from Fig. 4 in reference [29] )

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 现有的主要南极海冰厚度现场观测数据

Tab. 1 Available Antarctic sea ice thickness field observations

序号	数据名称	数据来源	数据时段	覆盖区域
1	AWI-ULS	向上仰视声呐	1990–2010	威德尔海
2	ASPeCt	船载走航观测	1980–2004	南大洋
3	ISPOL	机载电磁感应	2004.11–2005.01	威德尔海（66～68°S）
4	WWOS	机载电磁感应	2006.09–2006.10	威德尔海（60～65°S）
5	ANTXXIX/6&ANTXXIX/7	机载电磁感应	2013.06– 2013.10	威德尔海
6	IceBridge	积雪雷达、机载地形测绘仪	2009–2018	威德尔海

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 现有的主要南极海冰厚度卫星遥感数据

Tab. 2 Available Antarctic sea ice thickness remote sensing data

序号	数据名称	数据来源	数据时段	覆盖区域	数据网址
1	ERS-1/2	ERS-1/ERS-2卫星	1991–2011年	南大洋	https://earth.esa.int/eogateway/missions/ers
2	SICCI	Envisat 和CryoSat-2卫星	2002–2017年	南大洋	http://esa-cci.nersc.no/
3	ICESat-1	ICESat-1卫星	2003–2009年	南大洋	https://icesat.gsfc.nasa.gov/icesat/
4	SMOS	SMOS卫星	2010年至今	南大洋	私人通信
5	ICESat-2	ICESat-2卫星	2018年至今	南大洋	https://icesat-2.gsfc.nasa.gov/

下载: 导出CSV

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