Low-temperature alteration of oceanic island basalts and their contribution to transition metal cycle of the ocean

BU Wen-rui; SHI Xue-fa; PENG Jian-tang; LIU Ji-hua; ZHANG Ming-jie; QI Liang

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BU Wen-rui, SHI Xue-fa, PENG Jian-tang, LIU Ji-hua, ZHANG Ming-jie, QI Liang. Low-temperature alteration of oceanic island basalts and their contribution to transition metal cycle of the ocean[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2007, 29(5): 55-68.

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Low-temperature alteration of oceanic island basalts and their contribution to transition metal cycle of the ocean

1.
Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology of State Oceanic Administration, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China;Graduate College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology of State Oceanic Administration, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China
3.
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
4.
College of Resource and Environmental School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received Date: 2006-03-03
Rev Recd Date: 2006-10-30

Abstract

Abstract

The major elements, rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements of 4 basalt samples from the central and western Pacific ferrom anganese crust provinces have been analyzed using chemical methods and ICP-MS, respectively.The results indicate that the samples have been extensively altered and that the contents of their major elements have changed significantly, with the samples losing the characteristics of the original rocks.However, the similarity of REE partition patterns and trace element contents of basalt samples to those of fresh oceanic island basalts(OIB) indicate that the basalt samples originated as oceanicisl and basalts(OIB).Because of low-temperature alteration, the contents of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MnO, K₂O, and P₂O₅ increased relative to fresh oceanic island basalts, w hile MgO and FeO decreased.Active components, such as magnesium and iron, were leached from OIB resulting in the relative enrichment of SiO₂ of the samples than fresh OIB(appeare in standard mineral quartz), although the samples having lower SiO₂ contents (40.4%~41.4%) than the lower limit (43%) of fresh basalt.The leaching of active components can cause the relative enrichment of REE of altered basalts, while the precipitation of REE-rich ferromanganese oxides in vesicles and fissures of altered basalts not only causes an increase of REE contents, but also induces fractionation of LREE and HREE, thereby increasing of ∑c(Ce)/∑c(Yb) ratios of the samples.Based on the enrichment mechanism of REE contents of altered basalts, the theoretical quantities of precipitated ferromanganese oxides and the depleted quantities of active components were calculated for perunit mass of fresh basalt.As a result of low-temperatrue alteration, the depleted quantities of active components for per unit mass of fresh basalts vary in the range of 0.150~0.657, and the precipitated quantities of ferromanganese oxides for per unit mass of fresh basalts vary in the range of 0.006~0.042.Of the major elements, the two most depleted are iron, and magnesium, with 18.28%~70.95% of iron and 44.50~93.94% of magnesium in the fresh basalts was leached out.This exceeded the depletion ratios of bulk samples(15.0%~65.7%), and as a result the samples are depleted in iron and magnesium relative to fresh basalts.The negative depletion quantities of aluminium, potassium, and phosphorus for some samples resulted from the precipitation of zeolite in vesicles of samples and phosphatisation of the basalts.Theoretical calculation and geochemistry results both indicate that low-temperature alteration of basalts can supply abundant among of metals to seawater, and may play an important role in metal cycle of the ocean.
- oceanic island basalts,
- low-temperature alteration,
- metal cycle of the ocean,
- theoretical calculation,
- cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts

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References(59)

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