Comparison of simulation results of the Arctic sea ice by BCC_CSM: CMIP5 and CMIP6 historical experiments

Wang Song; Su Jie; Chu Min; Shi Xueli

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.05.006

Volume 42 Issue 5

Nov. 2020

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Wang Song，Su Jie，Chu Min, et al. Comparison of simulation results of the Arctic sea ice by BCC_CSM: CMIP5 and CMIP6 historical experiments[J]. Haiyang Xuebao，2020, 42(5)：49–64，doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253−4193.2020.05.006

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Comparison of simulation results of the Arctic sea ice by BCC_CSM: CMIP5 and CMIP6 historical experiments

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.05.006

Wang Song^{1, 2, 3
,},
Su Jie^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
Chu Min^{4
,
,},
Shi Xueli⁴

1.
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
3.
University Cooperation for Polar Research, Beijing 100875, China
4.
National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

Received Date: 2019-04-17
Rev Recd Date: 2019-11-04

Available Online: 2020-11-18

Publish Date: 2020-05-25

Abstract

Abstract

In this paper, the simulation performance of the sea ice concentration, ice extent/area, and ice thickness of the Arctic is compared based on the results of the climate system model of Beijing Climate Center (BCC_CSM) in the recent two coupling model comparison programs (CMIP5 and CMIP6). The results show that, compared with the results in the CMIP5, the CMIP6 historical experiment recently released has different degrees of improvement in the Arctic sea ice extent seasonal cycle and sea ice thickness, which are shown as follows: (1) In the CMIP6 experiment, the simulated sea ice extent in summer is larger, while the sea ice extent in winter is smaller, which is generally closer to the observation result than the CMIP5. (2) The sea ice thickness simulated by BCC_CSM in the two CMIP is relatively small, but the CMIP6 experiment slightly improves the problem of excessively thin sea ice thickness. Through the analysis of the variables (such as SST, air temperature and radiation flux, turbulent heat flux, ocean heat flux) in different spheres of the climate system affecting the sea ice process, we discuss the causes of the above simulation errors and the improvement of CMIP6 simulation results. The analysis shows that the Arctic sea ice extent simulated by BCC_CSM model in CMIP5 from August to September is small, which is mainly caused by greater ocean heat flux, larger downward short-wave radiation and smaller albedo, while CMIP6 experiment has a great improvement in these aspects. From December to February, the Arctic sea ice extent simulated by CMIP5 is relatively large mainly because of the low ocean heat flux, and the ocean heat flux simulated by CMIP6 is larger than that of CMIP5. However, the improvement of the north Atlantic regional ocean surface current is the main reason for the improvement of the sea ice extent in this region, especially the sea ice edge in the Baffin Bay. The thinner summer sea ice thickness simulated by CMIP5 is mainly due to the larger ocean heat flux and ice surface heat budget from June to August, while the improvement of sea ice thickness simulated by CMIP6 is mainly due to the improvement of ocean heat flux and net short-wave radiation. The improvement of sea ice simulation has direct and indirect relationship with CMIP6 sea ice module and atmospheric module parameterization. By changing short-wave radiation, ice surface albedo and ocean heat flux, the performance of BCC_CSM mode on Arctic sea ice has been effectively improved.
- BCC_CSM,
- climate system models,
- Arctic sea ice,
- CMIP5,
- CMIP6

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References(35)

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