海底地下水排放对典型红树林蓝碳收支的影响

王亚丽; 张芬芬; 陈小刚; 李林蔚; 王希龙; 劳燕玲; 杜金洲

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.004

海底地下水排放对典型红树林蓝碳收支的影响以广西珍珠湾为例

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.004

王亚丽^1,,
张芬芬^1, ,,
陈小刚¹,
李林蔚¹,
王希龙²,
劳燕玲^{2, 3},
杜金洲^{1, 4}

1.
华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海 200241
2.
北部湾大学广西北部湾海洋灾害研究重点实验室，广西钦州 535011
3.
北部湾大学资源与环境学院，广西钦州 535011
4.
崇明生态研究院，上海 202162

基金项目: 广西科技计划项目（2017AB43024）；国家自然科学基金项目（41976041）；广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目（2018KY0616）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王亚丽（1994-），女，河南省长葛市人，主要从事近海生物地球化学研究。E-mail：51173904023@stu.ecnu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
张芬芬，副教授，主要从事碳循环、海洋生物地球化学研究。E-mail：ffzhang@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P714⁺.4；P734.2⁺4
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- 文章访问数: 208
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-09
- 修回日期: 2020-02-13
- 网络出版日期: 2020-11-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-10-25

Influence of submarine groundwater discharge in the blue carbon budget of typical mangrove: A case study from the Zhenzhu Bay, Guangxi

Wang Yali^1
,,
Zhang Fenfen^{1
, ,},
Chen Xiaogang¹,
Li Linwei¹,
Wang Xilong²,
Lao Yanling^{2, 3},
Du Jinzhou^{1, 4}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
2.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
3.
College of Resource and Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
4.
Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China

摘要

摘要: 海底地下水排放(Submarine Groundwater Discharge，SGD)是陆海相互作用的重要表现形式之一，其携带的物质对近岸海域生源要素的收支有重要影响。本文利用²²²Rn示踪技术估算了我国典型红树林海湾—广西珍珠湾在2019年枯季(1月)SGD携带的碳通量。调查发现，地下水中²²²Rn活度、溶解无机碳(DIC)和溶解有机碳(DOC)的平均浓度均高于河水和湾内表层海水。利用²²²Rn质量平衡模型估算得到珍珠湾SGD速率为(0.36±0.36) m/d，SGD输入到珍珠湾的DIC和DOC通量分别为(2.41±2.63)×10⁷ mol/d和(1.96±2.20)×10⁶ mol/d。珍珠湾溶解碳的源汇收支表明，SGD携带的DIC和DOC分别占珍珠湾总DIC和总DOC来源的91%和89%。因此，SGD携带的DIC和DOC是珍珠湾DIC和DOC的主要来源，是海岸带蓝碳收支和生物地球化学循环过程中的重要组成。
- 海底地下水排放 /
- 氡-222 /
- 红树林 /
- 碳收支 /
- 蓝碳
Abstract: As one of the forms of land-ocean interactions, submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) can release solutes into the coastal sea and has a significant impact on the nutrients budget in coastal seawater. Here, using ²²²Rn tracer, the SGD and the associated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) inputted to the Zhenzhu Bay, a typical mangrove-dominated bay, were quantified. The results show that the average concentrations of ²²²Rn, DIC and DOC in groundwater are relatively higher than those in river water and surface sea water. A ²²²Rn mass balance implies that SGD rate is (0.36±0.36) m/d during January 2019. And SGD-derived DIC and DOC fluxes are estimated to be (2.41±2.63)×10⁷ mol/d and (1.96±2.20)×10⁶ mol/d. It confirmed that SGD-derived carbon is the most important carbon source in this bay, with 91% DIC and 89% DOC of the total input fluxes by SGD, respectively. Our results highlight the importance of groundwater-derived carbon fluxes in the Zhenzhu Bay, especially in the blue carbon assessments and biogeochemical process in tidal zones such as mangrove ecosystems.
- submarine groundwater discharge /
- ²²²Rn /
- mangrove /
- carbon budget /
- blue carbon

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图 1 研究区域（a），采样站位（b）和连续观测站现场图（c）

Fig. 1 Study area (a), sampling stations (b), and the continuous monitoring system in the field (c)

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图 2 沿海地区SGD通量的²²²Rn质量平衡模型

红色箭头代表源项，黑色箭头代表汇项；修改自Burnett和Dulaiova^[28]

Fig. 2 The conceptual model of the ²²²Rn mass balance used to estimate submarine groundwater discharge in coastal zones

Red arrows: sources, black arrows: sinks; modified from Burnett and Dulaiova^[28]

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图 3 连续观测期间²²²Rn活度、温度、盐度、DIC和DOC浓度及水深随时间变化

Fig. 3 Temporal variation of ²²²Rn activities, temperature, salinity, DIC and DOC concentrations versus water depth during the time series observation

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图 4 连续观测期间²²²Rn的净通量F_net（灰色柱状图）和混合损失F_mix（蓝色虚线）随时间变化

Fig. 4 Net ²²²Rn flux (rectangles) and mixing loss of ²²²Rn (dotted line) versus time based on continuous ²²²Rn observation

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图 5 珍珠湾DIC（a）和DOC（b）收支

Fig. 5 DIC (a) and DOC (b) budgets in the Zhenzhu Bay

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表 1 珍珠湾沿岸地下水和河水的盐度，²²²Rn活度，DIC和DOC浓度

Tab. 1 The salinity, ²²²Rn activities, DIC and DOC concentrations in groundwater and river water collected along the coast of the Zhenzhu Bay

站位	经纬度	盐度	水深/m	离海距离/m	²²²Rn/Bq·m⁻³	DOC/mol·m⁻³	DIC/mol·m⁻³
PW1	21.617 8°N，108.252 8°E	27.0	0.5	0	1 083±175	0.16	1.50
PW2	21.584 4°N，108.137 8°E	28.8	0.5	0	1 064±169	0.19	1.23
PW3	21.559 2°N，108.140 0°E	19.3	0.6	0	2 410±256	0.06	0.82
PW4	21.053 2°N，108.186 4°E	−	1.0	0	3 565±292	0.08	2.37
GW	21.508 6°N，108.221 4°E	0.3	1.5	100	8 050±472	0.08	1.02
RW	21.594 2°N，108.221 4°E	0.6	−	−	640±122	0.08	0.13
注：−表示无数据。

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表 2 2019年1月珍珠湾²²²Rn的源汇收支

Tab. 2 The sources and sinks of ²²²Rn in the Zhenzhu Bay during January 2019

	²²²Rn通量/Bq·m⁻²·h⁻¹	各项贡献
源项
河流输入	0.24±0.04	0.30%
涨潮输入	29.52±14.09	37.00%
溶解²²⁶Ra贡献	0.09±0.05	0.11%
底部沉积物扩散	0.76±0.01	0.95%
SGD输入	49.16±49.09	61.63%
汇项
退潮输出	38.83±21.91	43.27%
大气逃逸	1.32±0.79	1.47%
²²²Rn衰变损失	0.02±0.01	0.02%
混合损失	49.57±37.39	55.24%

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表 3 全球典型红树林生态系统SGD速率及其携带的DIC和DOC通量

Tab. 3 SGD rates and associated DIC and DOC fluxes from previous study in typical mangroves ecosystems worldwide

研究区域	SGD /cm·d⁻¹	SGD输送的DIC 通量/mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹	SGD输送的DOC 通量/mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹
澳大利亚摩尔顿湾^[7]	−	0.25	0.024
澳大利亚华斯顿和加拿曼湾^[16]	6.7～27	0.13～0.45	0～0.025
澳大利亚摩尔顿湾^[14]	4.4	0.16	0.036
澳大利亚珊瑚溪^[3]	35.5	−	−
澳大利亚哈特角河口^[15]	47	0.69	0.54
中国广西茅尾海^[8]	20～36	0.25～0.70	0.25～0.31
越南芹椰县红树林潮溪^[40]	3.1～7.1	0.35～0.68	0.021～0.068
帕劳巴贝达奥普火山岛红树林溪^[41]	3.3	0.079	0.035
帕劳巴贝达奥普火山岛红树林溪^[41]	6.2	0.01	0.008
中国广西珍珠湾	36	0.50	0.04
注：−表示无数据。

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