长江口表层沉积物中正构烷烃的高分辨分布特征及有机碳来源解析

王春禹; 姚鹏; 赵彬

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.001

长江口表层沉积物中正构烷烃的高分辨分布特征及有机碳来源解析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.001

王春禹^1,,
姚鹏^{1, 2, ,},
赵彬¹

1.
中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室，山东青岛 266100
2.
青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室，山东青岛 266237

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点国际（地区）合作研究项目（41620104001）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（41676063）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王春禹（1994-），男，山东省临沂市人，从事海洋沉积有机碳保存机制的研究。E-mail：chunyults@163.com

通讯作者:
姚鹏（1977-），男，山东省菏泽市人，教授，从事海洋有机生物地球化学研究。E-mail：yaopeng@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号: P714⁺.4；P736.21
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-02-08
- 修回日期: 2020-05-02
- 网络出版日期: 2020-11-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-10-25

High-resolution distribution of n-alkanes and source apportionment of organic carbon in surface sediments of the Changjiang River Estuary

Wang Chunyu^1
,,
Yao Peng^{1, 2
, ,},
Zhao Bin¹

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
2.
Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China

摘要

摘要: 于2014年3月对长江口及邻近海域的表层沉积物进行了高分辨率采样，分析了沉积物粒级组成、比表面积、总有机碳含量及其稳定碳同位素组成(δ¹³C)、正构烷烃及其相关分子指标，讨论了此区域沉积有机碳和正构烷烃的高分辨分布特征，并结合基于主成分分析−蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型，对沉积有机碳的来源进行了定量解析。结果表明，长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中总有机碳含量为0.45%±0.16%，近岸泥质区总有机碳含量较高，外海砂质区含量较低。总正构烷烃(C₁₄−C₃₅)的绝对含量和相对于总有机碳的含量分别为(1.42±0.73) μg/g和(0.34±0.21) mg/g。泥质区以长链正构烷烃占优势，具有较强的奇碳优势；砂质区以短链正构烷烃占优势，且具有一定的偶碳优势。长江输入、老黄河口输入、闽浙沿岸小型河流输入和水动力分选等因素制约了正构烷烃的输运和分布特征。模型结果显示此区域沉积有机碳来自海源、土壤和高等植物的混合输入，其中以海源为主，其贡献为42.70%±18.18%，由陆地向外海贡献逐渐升高，其次是土壤和高等植物，其贡献分别为28.99%±15.37%和28.31%±17.12%。在水动力分选作用的影响下，两种陆源有机碳在入海之后的输运过程中存在明显的分异，土壤有机碳主要与细颗粒物结合，并沿闽浙沿岸向南输运，而高等植物来源有机碳则在长江口存在东北方向的输运。
- 长江口 /
- 沉积有机碳 /
- 正构烷烃 /
- 高分辨 /
- 来源和分布
Abstract: Surface sediments were collected by high-resolution sampling from the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent shelf in March, 2014. Grain size composition, Specific Surface Area (SSA), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and stable carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C), n-alkanes and its related indices in sediments were analyzed to discuss the high-resolution distribution patterns of sedimentary organic carbon (OC) and n-alkanes in this region. A three end-members mixing model based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Monte-Carlo Simulation was constructed to characterize the sources of sedimentary OC quantitatively. The results showed that TOC contents were 0.45%±0.16%, which were relatively higher in coastal mud area than offshore sandy area. Absolute contents (Σn−Alk) and relative contents (Σn−Alk/TOC) of total n-alkanes (C₁₄ to C₃₅) were (1.42±0.73) μg/g and (0.34±0.21) mg/g , respectively. There was a strong odd to even carbon preference of long-chain n-alkanes in muddy sediments, while there was an even to odd carbon preference of short-chain n-alkanes in sandy area. Inputs from the Changjiang River, the Old Yellow River Estuary and small rivers in the Zhe-Min coasts and hydrodynamic sorting restricted the transport and dispersal patterns of n-alkanes. The results of the three end-members mixing model indicated a mixture input of marine, soil and higher plant derived OC in this region. Among them, sedimentary OC was dominated by marine source (42.70%±18.18%), increasing from coast to outer sea gradually. Contributions of soil OC and higher plant OC were 28.99%±15.37% and 28.31%±17.12%, respectively. Influenced by hydrodynamic forces, obvious differentiation of these two terrestrial OC pools occurred during transport after entering into ocean. Soil OC was mainly associated with fine grains, and was transported southward along the Zhe-Min coast, while higher plant derived OC was mainly transported along northeast direction in the Changjiang River Estuary.
- Changjiang River Estuary /
- sedimentary organic carbon /
- n-alkanes /
- high-resolution /
- source and distribution

HTML全文

图 1 长江口2014年3月采样站位图

Fig. 1 Sampling locations at the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

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图 2 2014年3月长江口表层沉积物黏土含量(a)、粉砂含量(b)、砂含量(c)、MGS(d)、SSA(e)、TOC(f)、C/N(g)和δ¹³C(h)的空间分布

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of clay content (a), silt content (b), sand content (c), MGS (d), SSA (e), TOC (f), C/N (g) and δ¹³C (h) in surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

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图 3 2014年3月长江口表层沉积物正构烷烃含量及指标的空间分布

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of n-alkanes and related indices in surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014.

a. Σn−Alk, b. Σn−Alk/TOC, c. Σodd(27−33), d. Σeven(14−20), e. TAR, f. ACL, g. 1/Pmar-aq, h. CPI₂₅₋₃₃, i. CPI₁₅₋₁₉.

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图 4 2014年3月长江口表层沉积物R型聚类分析(a)和Q型聚类分析(b)树状图

b图中序号1～78分别代表站位A1-1～A13-6

Fig. 4 Plots of the dendrogram of R type (a) and Q type (b) cluster analysis in surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

Numbers 1−78 denote stations A1-1−A13-6 in figure b

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图 5 2014年3月长江口表层沉积物PCA分析原始变量载荷图(a)、样品得分图(b)和归一化后的变量载荷图、样品得分图(c)

Fig. 5 Plots of the initial variable loadings (a) and sample scores (b) as well as normalized variable loadings and sample scores (c) of PCA analyses in surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

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图 6 2014年3月长江口表层沉积物海源贡献率(a)、土壤贡献率(b)、高等植物贡献率(c)、海源有机碳含量(d)、土壤来源有机碳含量(e)和高等植物来源有机碳含量(f)的空间分布

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of relative proportions of marine (a), soil (b), vascular plant (c) and contents of marine (d), soil (e), vascular plant (f) derived organic carbon in surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

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图 7 2014年3月长江口表层沉积物TOC随MGS(a)和SSA(b)的变化、总正构烷烃随MGS(c)和SSA(d)的变化及正构烷烃单体随MGS(e)和SSA(f)变化的相关系数

Fig. 7 Plots of TOC versus MGS (a) and SSA (b), Σn−Alk versus MGS (c) and SSA (d), as well as correlation coefficients of individual n-alkanes with MGS (e) and SSA (f) for surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

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表 1 长江口2014年3月表层沉积物正构烷烃及其分子指标

Tab. 1 n-alkanes and its proxies in surface sediments from the Changjiang River Estuary in March, 2014

区域	Σn−Alk/μg·g⁻¹	TAR	ACL	CPI	1/Pmar-aq	参考文献
长江口及邻近海域	0.19～3.75#	0.22～19.99	18.33～29.02	0.42～4.68*	1.76～12.04	本研究
长江口及邻近海域	0.44～4.31#	0.90～20.50	22.89～29.10	2.59～6.15*	4.48～24.94	Hu等^[10]
黄河口及其邻近海域	0.18～1.42##	−	−	1.80～6.18**	−	Sun等^[39]
黄海	1.00～4.70#	1.10～14.00	18.30～27.00	1.30～6.10*	−	Hu等^[40]
Ashtamudi河口	0.42～6.6###	1.20～12.20	−	1.10～3.90*	2.5～10	Ankit等^[21]
Vaza Barris河口	0.19～8.50−−	0～27.29	−	1.05～5.25*	−	Barbosa等^[41]
注：#碳数14～35; ##碳数12～33; ###碳数15～35; −−碳数未知; 碳数25～33; *碳数23～31。

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