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科科斯脊玄武岩斜长石矿物化学及地质意义

葛振敏 鄢全树 赵仁杰 施美娟

葛振敏,鄢全树,赵仁杰,等. 科科斯脊玄武岩斜长石矿物化学及地质意义[J]. 海洋学报,2020,42(7):93–107 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.07.008
引用本文: 葛振敏,鄢全树,赵仁杰,等. 科科斯脊玄武岩斜长石矿物化学及地质意义[J]. 海洋学报,2020,42(7):93–107 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.07.008
Ge Zhenmin,Yan Quanshu,Zhao Renjie, et al. Mineral chemistry and geological significance of plagioclases hosted by basalts from the Cocos Ridge[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2020, 42(7):93–107 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.07.008
Citation: Ge Zhenmin,Yan Quanshu,Zhao Renjie, et al. Mineral chemistry and geological significance of plagioclases hosted by basalts from the Cocos Ridge[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2020, 42(7):93–107 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.07.008

科科斯脊玄武岩斜长石矿物化学及地质意义

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.07.008
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1405502); 国家自然科学基金(41776070);山东省泰山学者工程项目。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    葛振敏(1992—),女,山东省日照市人,从事海洋地质研究。E-mail:zhenminge@126.com

    通讯作者:

    鄢全树,男,研究员,主要从事海底岩浆活动与构造演化方面研究。E-mail:qsyan@fio.org.cn

  • 中图分类号: P736.4

Mineral chemistry and geological significance of plagioclases hosted by basalts from the Cocos Ridge

  • 摘要: 综合大洋钻探计划(IODP) 334和344航次在U1381站位处的两个钻孔(A孔和C孔)获得了中美洲西海岸外科科斯脊基底拉斑玄武岩,对其岩浆过程开展研究可为理解其岩石成因提供重要依据。本文对科科斯脊玄武岩中斜长石斑晶和微晶进行了详细的原位主微量元素分析,结果表明,斜长石种属为培长石、拉长石及少量中长石。部分斜长石斑晶具有正环带结构;但多数斜长石斑晶不具有明显环带,仅从核部到边部存在微弱的成分变化。斜长石斑晶与微晶的微量元素差别较大:斜长石斑晶富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素,且具有明显的Eu正异常;斜长石微晶不相容元素含量通常高于斜长石斑晶。根据斜长石温度计计算获得斜长石斑晶结晶温度为1 050~1 253℃,斜长石微晶结晶温度为866~1 033℃。基于以上特征,推测斜长石斑晶核部是相对原始岩浆的产物,而斑晶边部以及微晶是演化岩浆的结晶产物。斜长石斑晶的成分变化及熔蚀麻点结构是由于岩浆补给及岩浆减压上升造成的。最后,本研究推测科科斯脊基底玄武岩来自于开放的岩浆房,且岩浆房内可能存在原始岩浆的不断注入及岩浆对流。
  • 图  1  科科斯脊及邻近地区简要地质图及IODP U1381站位位置[2-3] (a),U1381A孔和C孔岩芯柱状简图(mbsf:海底以下深度,单位:m)[4-5] (b)

    a 图中红色方框为取样区域,EPR:东太平洋海隆,CNS:科科斯-纳兹卡扩张中心。b 图中红色带括号数字指示样品位置,对应样品编号为:(1)1381A-14R2, (2)1381A-16R2, (3)1381A-18R2, (4)1381A-20R2, (5)1381A-26R1, (6)1381C-13X1。(1)~(5)来自U1381 A孔,(6)来自U1381 C孔

    Fig.  1  Tectonic setting of the Cocos Ridge and the adjacent area[2-3] (a), schematic lithostratigraphic summary of holes U1381A and C[4-5](mbsf: meter below seafloor) (b)

    In the figure a, the red box in the map refers to the Expedition 334 and 344 drilling area, EPR: Eastern Pacific Rise, CNS: Cocos-Nazca Spreading Center. The numbers in red brackets in the figure b indicate the position of the sample, and the corresponding sample number is (1)1381A-14R2, (2) 1381A-16R2, (3)1381A-18R2, (4)1381A-20R2, (5)1381A-26R1, (6)1381C-13X1. Of them, number (1)−(5) are from Hole U1381 A, and number (6) is from Hole U1381 C

    图  2  典型斜长石矿物的背散射电子(BSE)图像

    a. 样品1381A-14R2中斜长石斑晶;b. 样品1381A-16R2中斜长石斑晶;c-d. 样品1381C-13X1中斜长石斑晶;e. 样品1381A-14R2中斜长石微晶;f. 样品1381C-13X1基质中斜长石微晶。红色点为电子探针测试点,pl:斜长石;px:辉石

    Fig.  2  Backscattering electron (BSE) images of representative plagioclases

    a. Plagioclase (pl) phenocryst in sample 1381A-14R2; b. plagioclase phenocryst in sample 1381C-16R2; c-d. plagioclase phenocrysts in sample 1381C-13X1; e. plagioclase microlites in sample 1381A-14R2; f. plagioclase microlites in the matrix of sample 1381C-13X1. The red dots are electron probe test points; pl: plagioclase; px: pyroxene

    图  3  斜长石化学成分分类图

    A. 钠长石;B. 奥长石;C. 中长石;D. 拉长石;E. 培长石;F. 钙长石;G. 透长石;H. 歪长石

    Fig.  3  Classification of plagioclase compositions

    A. Albite; B. oligoclase; C. andesine; D. labradorite; E. bytownite; F. anorthite; G. sanidine; H. anorthoclase

    图  4  U1381站位玄武岩中斜长石的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解(球粒陨石数据来自文献[31])

    Fig.  4  Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the plagioclases in basalts from Site U1381 (CI chondrite values cited from reference [31])

    图  5  U1381站位玄武岩中斜长石原始地幔标准化蛛网图(原始地幔数据来自于文献[32])

    Fig.  5  Primitive mantle normalized trace element spidergram of the plagioclases in basalts from Site U1381(primitive mantle values after reference [32])

    图  6  斜长石中FeOT、TiO2、La随An值变化图解

    Fig.  6  Plots of An versus FeOT、TiO2、La of plagioclases

    图  7  典型斜长石斑晶从核部到边部元素组成变化图解

    横坐标1~6代表从核部到边部,具体测试点位见图2a图2c

    Fig.  7  Schematic diagram of major oxides compositional variations or trace element concentrations of typical plagioclase phenocrysts

    Numbers 1– 6 refer to core and rim of phenocrysts, see Fig.2a and Fig.2c for the electron probe test points

    表  1  斜长石电子探针分析平均组分(wt%)

    Tab.  1  EPMA compositions (average values, in wt %) of plagioclases

    航次站位孔号岩心标号段/cm样品号斑晶/微晶点数Na2OMgOAl2O3SiO2Cr2O3MnOFeOTK2ONiOCaOTiO2TotalAnAbOr
    334U1381A14 136~1391381A-14R2斑晶12AVE1.450.2334.4046.950.010.010.460.020.0117.700.03101.2686.9712.900.12
    STD0.2120.0450.5620.6080.0080.0130.0250.0110.0100.4320.0170.3851.9331.8990.063
    微晶7AVE3.480.2930.5950.720.010.010.740.070.0213.920.0699.9268.5631.020.41
    STD0.5770.0451.0291.2130.0090.0190.2110.0260.0200.9640.0361.4865.0444.9080.153
    U1381A16134~1371381A-16R2斑晶11AVE3.430.1531.0950.130.010.020.370.070.0114.080.0699.4269.2830.320.40
    STD0.7020.0521.1721.6190.0040.0180.2050.0400.0251.3150.0500.7446.4096.1960.234
    微晶7AVE5.190.1628.0553.910.000.020.730.120.0211.030.0999.3253.6345.670.70
    STD0.7020.0521.1721.6190.0040.0180.2050.0400.0251.3150.0500.7446.4096.1960.234
    U1381A181~41381A-18R2微晶5AVE4.280.1729.3051.900.020.020.410.090.0012.440.0798.7161.4238.070.51
    STD0.7000.0620.8141.3610.0150.0380.1950.0220.0080.9460.0200.7745.6845.5970.120
    U1381A20115~1181381A-20R2微晶11AVE4.890.1228.4754.160.010.010.540.110.0111.310.0799.7155.6943.660.65
    STD0.8400.0591.5232.6900.0090.0120.1790.0520.0111.7080.0351.3048.1017.7930.315
    U1381A26 80~831381A-26R1斑晶5AVE2.030.2132.9746.930.010.030.330.050.0116.310.0298.8981.4018.330.27
    STD0.7880.0361.4972.0820.0110.0180.1240.0190.0201.4600.0240.2117.2537.1480.113
    微晶5AVE4.600.1828.8852.820.010.020.670.120.0012.010.0999.4258.5940.680.73
    STD0.3280.0420.8780.7820.0170.0360.2360.0300.0060.7710.0480.9333.3073.1720.177
    344U1381C13 11~161381C-13X1斑晶18AVE2.000.2633.2647.780.020.010.430.030.0016.590.03100.4281.9217.890.20
    STD0.6860.0361.3351.5000.0160.0190.1020.0190.0081.3290.0231.1596.3166.2150.114
    微晶8AVE3.790.2630.0151.730.020.040.610.090.0113.300.0799.9265.6633.830.51
    STD0.5870.0600.9690.9740.0280.0380.1930.0290.0161.0860.0451.4655.3365.2020.173
      注:FeOT为以FeO表示全铁含量;AVE表示平均值,STD表示标准偏差。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  典型斜长石斑晶电子探针分析组分(wt%)

    Tab.  2  EPMA compositions (in wt %) of typical plagioclase phenocrysts

    矿物号位置Na2OMgOAl2O3SiO2Cr2O3MnOFeOTK2ONiOCaOTiO2TotalAnAbOr种属
    1381A-14R2-pl-0411.800.3133.4447.610.020.000.510.030.0217.120.04100.8983.8915.920.18培长石
    21.710.3233.9248.130.000.010.440.030.0117.000.04101.6184.4215.390.18培长石
    31.870.2633.1447.910.010.000.470.030.0016.850.03100.5683.1516.700.15培长石
    41.290.2334.4746.470.010.000.470.000.0217.960.00100.9288.4811.510.01培长石
    51.470.1934.6547.180.010.000.460.030.0017.710.02101.7486.7513.060.18培长石
    61.370.2534.4346.940.020.000.420.020.0217.700.04101.2187.6212.270.11培长石
    1381A-16R2-pl-0113.670.2430.6750.310.000.000.410.050.0213.540.0999.0166.9032.800.29拉长石
    25.170.1228.6753.920.000.000.380.120.0311.110.1299.6353.9345.400.67拉长石
    36.590.0926.2056.750.000.000.310.180.028.870.1199.1142.2456.761.00中长石
    1381C-13X1-pl-0111.820.2533.8747.160.040.010.460.040.0317.430.02101.1183.9515.840.21培长石
    21.670.2633.9147.610.010.010.540.020.0017.420.01101.4785.1214.760.12培长石
    31.820.2334.0447.650.030.030.470.020.0017.020.04101.3483.6916.200.11培长石
    41.580.2533.9747.020.000.000.590.030.0017.590.06101.0985.8713.960.16培长石
    51.540.2234.0546.830.010.010.570.020.0017.450.01100.7286.1513.750.10培长石
    62.570.3532.0349.500.040.000.530.050.0015.480.05100.6176.6323.050.31培长石
    1381C-13X1-pl-0611.490.2734.0145.400.040.000.190.040.0017.200.0098.6386.2813.490.23培长石
    21.450.2233.9845.000.020.000.290.020.0117.050.0998.1286.5313.350.11培长石
    33.250.2630.9349.140.000.000.370.050.0014.400.0198.4070.7928.930.28培长石
      注:FeOT为以FeO表示全铁含量。“位置”列数字对应的测试点位置见图2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  斜长石特征微量元素含量(10−6)

    Tab.  3  Representative trace elements contents (10−6) of plagioclases

    航次站位孔号岩心标号段/cm样品号测点号斑晶/微晶位置AnLaCePrNdSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLu
    334U1381A14 136~1391381A-14R21381A-14R2-pl-04-1斑晶83.890.3690.6820.0700.4030.0310.1700.0570.0050.0340.0060.0130.0010.0170.003
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-2斑晶84.420.3170.5660.0630.3010.0560.1580.0430.0030.0190.0050.0070.0040.0130.003
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-3斑晶83.150.3600.7200.0850.4320.0470.1400.0640.0070.0440.0060.0260.0040.0120.002
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-4斑晶88.480.3200.6470.0660.3280.0410.1670.0420.0030.0320.0060.0130.0040.0080.003
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-5斑晶86.750.2820.5220.0500.3350.0290.1570.0340.0050.0240.0020.0260.0040.0090.002
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-6斑晶87.620.2460.4720.0580.2830.0290.1710.0330.0030.0200.0050.0120.0030.0120.002
    1381A-14R2-pl-07微晶71.210.7371.3930.1800.8880.2090.2770.2240.0440.3180.0720.2090.0270.2290.035
    1381A-14R2-pl-08微晶62.814.99011.8801.5098.1301.8850.7582.6060.4132.9300.6492.3890.2691.7960.267
    1381A-14R2-pl-09微晶76.1819.35044.7405.85031.1707.7402.4909.8301.57510.9802.3286.9100.9796.3200.965
    U1381A20115~1181381A-20R21381A-20R2-pl-07微晶45.730.6491.1930.1220.6690.1060.9910.0780.0120.0700.0140.0540.0100.0660.007
    1381A-20R2-pl-09微晶40.820.8621.4890.1480.8210.0462.0730.0320.0120.0340.0040.0110.0030.0120.002
    1381A-20R2-pl-11微晶52.290.5561.0280.1150.6050.0820.5120.0440.0070.0300.0040.0440.0040.0140.004
    1381A-20R2-pl-10微晶63.900.4570.8230.0920.5410.1200.4090.0660.0050.0470.0080.0180.0020.0130.004
    344U1381C13 11~161381C-13X11381C-13X1-pl-01-1斑晶83.950.3070.6660.0710.3800.0450.1720.0480.0090.0390.0090.0180.0030.0140.002
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-2斑晶85.120.3150.5250.0630.3080.0730.1670.0530.0070.0220.0060.0150.0040.0140.004
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-3斑晶83.690.2930.5150.0770.3230.0550.1900.0240.0050.0250.0090.0180.0030.0080.004
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-4斑晶85.870.2610.6150.0700.3400.0320.1770.0480.0050.0420.0030.0110.0030.0150.003
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-5斑晶86.150.2810.5580.0680.3530.0670.1890.0380.0040.0240.0050.0110.0030.0160.004
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-6斑晶76.630.2880.6080.0610.3300.0360.1510.0470.0060.0160.0060.0170.0040.0110.003
    1381C-13X1-pl-14微晶73.532.9876.8300.9134.5000.8970.5940.9090.1611.0800.1990.5610.0830.4690.063
    1381C-13X1-pl-12微晶69.120.4540.7800.0920.4800.0590.2200.0760.0110.0480.0140.0120.0020.0160.005
    1381C-13X1-pl-15微晶68.470.3910.6600.0650.3670.0850.1730.0480.0060.0300.0030.0120.0030.0120.005
    下载: 导出CSV
    续表3
    测点号∑REELREE/HREEδEu(La/Yb)NRbSrYZrNbCsBaHfTaPbThULILEsHFSEsNb/TaZr/Hf
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-11.8612.7212.1814.750.15297.0000.1620.4000.0100.02712.2700.0110.0040.0580.0010.001109.510.592.4635.09
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-21.5615.119.4117.230.06199.1200.0760.3800.0080.02712.2700.0080.0040.0200.0010.002111.500.482.3246.91
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-31.9510.867.8121.270.17699.4000.1810.3700.0380.02712.5800.0110.0030.0440.0040.002112.230.6114.2835.24
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-41.6814.0612.1226.190.06096.8700.0900.3700.0180.02610.6800.0110.0050.0430.0020.003107.680.503.7935.24
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-51.4812.9415.0720.820.05896.7300.1000.3500.0140.02215.7300.0070.0030.0590.0020.001112.600.485.3548.61
    1381A-14R2-pl-04-61.3514.0616.8414.040.27695.2000.0850.3800.0080.02614.7300.0150.0030.0680.0000.000110.300.492.6324.68
    1381A-14R2-pl-074.843.183.882.193.490107.7401.88311.2100.5960.03138.4500.2540.0330.2570.0240.024149.9714.0218.2344.13
    1381A-14R2-pl-0840.472.581.041.8910.25062.64018.95049.0504.6200.34923.4901.4890.3361.6020.3460.14298.3374.9313.7532.94
    1381A-14R2-pl-09151.232.790.872.085.340101.56071.290109.13020.7600.10944.3803.0291.1141.4201.5370.516152.81207.3818.6436.03
    1381A-20R2-pl-074.0412.0731.776.730.793139.0100.3531.4200.0350.05945.3900.0280.0081.5200.0040.004186.771.854.1651.64
    1381A-20R2-pl-095.5549.20155.6550.920.346157.2400.1270.7700.0090.024100.9900.0130.0050.2350.0030.003258.830.932.0961.60
    1381A-20R2-pl-113.0519.2023.4626.230.193128.7500.1810.3600.0080.02627.5700.0130.0050.1620.0040.002156.700.571.7427.69
    1381A-20R2-pl-102.6114.9512.7424.070.277120.8400.1850.3900.0110.02722.5300.0080.0040.1730.0040.003143.850.612.5248.15
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-11.7811.6911.1915.000.109101.7800.1630.4800.0610.03011.5800.0190.0060.0490.0070.005113.550.7411.1624.74
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-21.5811.657.8115.390.07098.2700.1280.4500.0150.02910.8500.0150.0060.0290.0050.004109.250.622.3529.80
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-31.5515.1513.6624.570.070101.2000.1100.5600.0110.03011.0000.0140.0030.0490.0020.003112.350.703.5640.88
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-41.6211.5613.7911.510.394100.1300.1040.4700.0270.03011.1800.0210.0050.0840.0030.002111.820.635.9622.27
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-51.6214.6010.4611.780.069102.4300.1430.4400.0230.02910.6100.0120.0050.0470.0050.002113.180.634.4236.97
    1381C-13X1-pl-01-61.5813.6411.2317.470.196101.0000.1250.5200.0230.02711.7900.0140.0040.1440.0040.003113.160.695.2836.11
    1381C-13X1-pl-1420.254.741.994.331.689115.8105.5107.9401.5010.07050.1500.2200.0890.4450.1660.104168.1615.5316.8336.09
    1381C-13X1-pl-122.2711.2810.0019.040.197103.4200.2490.4300.0450.02418.4900.0110.0070.1390.0040.002122.270.756.9138.05
    1381C-13X1-pl-151.8614.717.5621.770.38199.1700.1350.4200.0120.02419.1600.0170.0040.1220.0030.004118.860.592.9824.14
      注:δEu、(La/Yb)N为球粒陨石[31]标准化计算的结果。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  斜长石结晶温度范围

    Tab.  4  Crystallization temperatures of plagioclases

    样品号斑晶/微晶测点数温度/℃
    ${P_{{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}}}$=0.5×108 Pa${P_{{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{O}}}}$=1.0×108 Pa
    1381A-14R2斑晶12957~1 0441 114~1 194
    微晶7866~8871 037~1 055
    1381A-16R2斑晶11903~1 1191 050~1 253
    微晶7926~9881 071~1 128
    1381A-18R2微晶5941~9541 089~1 101
    1381A-20R2微晶11878~9861 030~1 128
    1381A-26R1斑晶5939~1 0671 090~1 209
    微晶5943~9521 094~1 102
    1381C-13X1斑晶181 019~1 1211 149~1 249
    微晶81 021~1 0331 151~1 163
      注:温度列加粗的数据为实际选用的数据。
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-07-25
  • 修回日期:  2019-10-14
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-11-18
  • 刊出日期:  2020-07-25

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