基于数字岸线分析系统的海岸线时空变化速率分析——以海州湾为例

沈昆明; 李安龙; 蒋玉波; 刘鑫仓

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.05.011

基于数字岸线分析系统的海岸线时空变化速率分析——以海州湾为例

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.05.011

沈昆明^{1, 2,},
李安龙^{1, 2, ,},
蒋玉波^{1, 2, 3},
刘鑫仓^{1, 2}

1.
海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室，山东青岛 266100
2.
中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院山东青岛 266100
3.
盐城师范学院城市与资源环境学院，江苏盐城 224299

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0405502）。

详细信息

作者简介:
沈昆明（1996-），男，江苏省连云港市人，从事海岸带资源开发利用与海洋工程地质研究。E-mail：18888106723@163.com

通讯作者:
李安龙，副教授，主要从事海洋工程地质和灾害地质方向研究。E-mail：anlongli@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号: P737.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-28
- 修回日期: 2019-11-18
- 网络出版日期: 2020-11-18
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-25

Time-space velocity analysis of coastline based on digital shoreline analysis system: A case study of the Haizhou Bay

Shen Kunming^{1, 2
,},
Li Anlong^{1, 2
, ,},
Jiang Yubo^{1, 2, 3},
Liu Xincang^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratry of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
2.
College of Marine Geoscience, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
3.
Urban and Resource Environment Institute, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224299, China

摘要

摘要: 本文选取1985−2018年间具有代表性的6期Landsat遥感影像，运用数字海岸线分析系统，综合利用面积法和基线法定量分析海州湾的岸线变迁，并进行岸线分类和驱动力分析。结果表明，30多年来海州湾岸线整体呈持续向海推进的态势，增长岸线比例总体处于不断增加的趋势，除了2005−2009年发生短暂的减小；1985−2018年，岸线长度增加了10.40 km，陆域面积增加了52.84 km²；海州湾岸线以人工岸线为主，且比重日渐增大，从1985年的47.90%到2018年的70.88%，前中期的沿海围垦养殖及后期的围海造陆是海岸线变迁的主要驱动力；其终点变化速率为26.09 m/a，净海岸线变化为155.12 m，记录增加总横断面在各个时期均大于50%，岸线变迁最剧烈的区域为新沭河−高公岛段，陆域增长点在于赣榆新城、连云新城建设和连云港港口建设。
- 海州湾 /
- 遥感 /
- 数字岸线分析系统 /
- 海岸线 /
- 时空变化
Abstract: Six representative Landsat remote sensing images from 1985 to 2018 are selected in this paper. Using the digital coastline analysis system to quantitatively analyze the shoreline changes in the Haizhou Bay by using the area method and the baseline method, and to classify and the driving force analysis. The results show that the coastline of the Haizhou Bay moving towards the sea for more than 30 years, and the proportion of the growth shoreline is generally in a growing trend, except for a brief decrease in 2005−2009. From 1985 to 2018, the shoreline length increased by 10.40 km and the land area increased by 52.84 km². The artificial coastline is the dominant type in the Haizhou Bay, and its proportion is increasing. From 47.90% in 1985 to 70.88% in 2018, coastal cofferdam farming in the early and mid-term and post-sea reclamation are the main driving forces for coastline change. The endpoint change rate was 26.09 m/a, the net coastline change was 155.12 m, and the recorded total cross-section was greater than 50% in each period. The most severe area of the coastline change was from the Xinshu Estuary to Gaogong Island. In the island section, the growth of land area lies in the construction of Ganyu City, Lianyun New City and Lianyungang Port.
- Haizhou Bay /
- remote sensing /
- digital shoreline analysis system /
- coastline /
- spatial-temporal change

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图 1 海州湾地理位置

Fig. 1 Location of the Haizhou Bay

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 海州湾岸线不同时期海岸线长度、陆地增长面积及海州湾面积变化过程

Fig. 2 The length of the Haizhou Bay coastline, the change of land growth area and the change process of the Haizhou Bay area

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图 3 1985−2018年海州湾岸线变迁

Fig. 3 The coastline changes of the Haizhou Bay from 1985 to 2018

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图 4 1985−2018年海州湾不同时期的岸线终点变化速率及其分布

Fig. 4 Change rate and distribution of shoreline endpoints of the Haizhou Bay in different periods from 1985 to 2018

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图 5 1985−2018年海州湾增长、平衡、侵蚀岸线所占比例

Fig. 5 Proportion of the Haizhou Bay growth, balanced and eroded shoreline from 1985 to 2018

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图 6 1985−2018年海州湾不同时期的净海岸线变化及其分布

Fig. 6 Changes and distribution of net coastline of the Haizhou Bay in different periods from 1985 to 2018

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表 1 遥感影像信息

Tab. 1 Remote sensing image information

序号	卫星	传感器类型	轨道号/行号	获取日期	空间分辨率/m	条带
1A	Landsat4-5	TM	120/036	1985年3月23日	30	无
2A	Landsat5	TM	120/036	1995年4月20日	30	无
3A	Landsat7	ETM+	120/036	2005年3月6日	30	有
4A	Landsat7	ETM+	120/036	2009年5月4日	30	有
5A	Landsat8	OLI_TIRS	120/036	2014年4月24日	30	无
6A	Landsat8	OLI_TIRS	120/036	2018年4月19日	30	无

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表 2 海州湾海岸线长度统计

Tab. 2 Coastal length of the Haizhou Bay

海岸线长度		年份
海岸线长度		1985	1995	2005	2009	2014	2018
自然岸线	砂质岸线/km	20.72	19.84	17.98	15.99	16.88	14.25
	基岩岸线/km	8.85	7.80	6.41	4.90	4.67	5.08
	淤泥质岸线/km	4.56	1.77	4.54	2.68	2.03	1.08
	河口岸线/km	7.09	3.92	4.37	6.64	6.49	8.23
	小计/km	41.22	33.33	33.30	30.21	30.07	28.64
人工岸线/km		47.90	57.81	55.07	62.99	68.34	70.88
合计/km		89.12	91.14	88.37	93.20	98.41	99.52

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 海州湾岸线变化趋势

Tab. 3 Change trend of the Haizhou Bay shoreline

年份	研究区域	垂线范围	岸线长度 /km	平均变化 EPR/m·a⁻¹	平均变化 EPR/m·a⁻¹	最大增长 EPR/m·a⁻¹	最大侵蚀 EPR/m·a⁻¹	平均增长 NSM/m	平均侵蚀 NSM/m	记录整体增加总垂线数 /百分比EPR	记录整体侵蚀总垂线数 /百分比EPR
1985−1995年	绣针河北−柘汪河	1～100	21.40	11.37	18.65	123.73	−48.25	187.70	−93.71	319/58.32	228/41.68
	柘汪河−新沭河	101～337	32.60	16.22		116.36	−58.01	413.37	−45.25
	新沭河−高公岛	338～547	35.13	24.83		173.55	−25.79	407.54	−45.01
1995−2005年	绣针河北−柘汪河	1～100	14.60	−0.15	11.62	79.25	−47.97	263.56	−93.59	359/65.75	187/34.25
	柘汪河−新沭河	101～337	38.10	5.43		117.85	−63.19	136.33	−83.96
	新沭河−高公岛	338～547	38.44	24.22		74.48	−17.14	278.32	−61.34
2005−2009年	绣针河北−柘汪河	1～100	22.80	18.62	23.25	115.39	−67.91	93.54	−82.77	421/77.11	125/22.89
	柘汪河−新沭河	101～337	30.40	0.92		141.29	−274.11	72.00	−181.34
	新沭河−高公岛	338～547	35.17	50.65		441.43	−112.57	300.08	−55.24
2009−2014年	绣针河北−柘汪河	1～100	22.10	21.41	79.20	131.39	−41.13	226.67	−39.90	277/50.64	270/49.36
	柘汪河−新沭河	101～337	30.20	46.06		420.29	−33.94	540.23	−26.24
	新沭河−高公岛	338～547	40.90	144.13		576.03	−73.13	1335.68	−52.14
2014−2018年	绣针河北−柘汪河	1～100	26.30	9.20	9.02	237.01	−13.25	64.36	−12.69	362/66.54	182/33.46
	柘汪河−新沭河	101～337	35.70	5.81		91.07	−235.31	70.72	−17.76
	新沭河−高公岛	338～547	36.41	12.57		215.65	−32.18	62.03	50.75

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