舟山近岸海域主要甲壳类的生态位及其与种间联结性

刘惠; 郭朋军; 陈洲杰; 水玉跃; 俞存根; 邓小艳; 颜文超; 徐永久; 郑基

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.04.008

舟山近岸海域主要甲壳类的生态位及其与种间联结性

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2019.04.008

1.
浙江海洋大学, 浙江舟山 316022
2.
舟山市海洋与渔业局, 浙江舟山 316000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（31270527）；舟山市海洋与渔业局委托项目——海洋工程项目建设对舟山近岸海域渔业生态损害的补偿等级划分（2015-2017）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-05-17
- 修回日期: 2018-09-18

Niche and interspecific association of main crustaceans in the nearshore waters of Zhoushan

1.
Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
2.
Zhoushan Marine and Fishery Bureau, Zhoushan 316000,China

摘要

摘要: 本文基于2015年11月（秋季）和2016年5月（春季）在舟山近岸海域开展80个站位的渔业资源调查所获得的甲壳类资料，将调查海域划分为10个区域，并随机分层抽样选取20个站位进行分析。运用生态位测定、典范对应分析（CCA）、方差比率（VR）、卡方检验、联结系数、种对共同出现百分比、点相关系数等方法进行研究。结果表明：研究海域主要甲壳动物共19种，其中优势种3种，重要种6种。通过生态位宽度聚类分析可将主要甲壳类划分成3类，包括广生态位种、中生态位种和狭生态位种。生态位重叠值区间为[0，0.96]，表明物种对资源利用的相似性差异较大，部分甲壳动物存在资源利用性竞争。CCA排序显示，该海域甲壳类受环境因子中盐度、温度以及叶绿素a影响较大。VR值为4.40大于1，统计量W值为87.91超出置信区间（10.85，31.41），得出甲壳类动物群落总体呈显著正相关，卡方检验显示有61个种对的联结性显著（x² ≥ 3.841），联结系数（AC）、共同出现百分比（PC）以及点相关系数（Ф）表明种间联结性较强，总体趋于正相关。
- 主要甲壳类 /
- 生态位宽度 /
- 生态位重叠 /
- 种间联结
Abstract: The present study is based on the data of crustaceans obtained from 80 sample sites of the nearshore waters of Zhoushan through a fishery resources survey during November in 2015 and May in 2016. The total of 80 sample sites were divided into 10 statistic areas, which were prepared for stratified random sampling, and 20 sites were selected for analysis at last. The methods including niche breadth, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), variance ratio (VR), x²-test, association coefficient (AC), percentage of co-occurrence (PC), and point correlation coefficients (Ф) were used. The results show that there are 19 species of crustaceans, in which 3 are dominant species and 6 are important species. Based on the niche breadth cluster analysis, the major crustaceans can be divided into three groups. They are wide niche breadth species, moderate niche breath species and narrow niche breath species. The niche overlap values of them ranged from 0 to 0.96, indicating that these species are of great similarity in resource utilization, and there is a certain degree of competition between them. The result of CCA reveals that the influence of salinity, temperature and chlorophyll a are significant to crustaceans in this region. The values of VR and W indicate that there is significantly positive correlation between the communities of major crustaceans. The x²-test suggests that there is significantly interspecific association for 61 species pair (x²≥3.841),The results of AC,PC and Ф reveal that the association of interspecific is strong and tend to be positive correlation.
- main crustaceans /
- niche breadth /
- niche overlap /
- interspecific association

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