近百年来大亚湾沉积物有机质的沉积记录及对人为活动的响应

曲宝晓; 宋金明; 袁华茂

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.10.012

近百年来大亚湾沉积物有机质的沉积记录及对人为活动的响应

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.10.012

中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;中国科学院海洋大科学中心, 山东青岛 266071

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划课题（2015CB452901，2015CB452902）；国家基金委-山东省联合基金项目（U1606404）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-30
- 修回日期: 2018-06-25

Sediment records and responses for anthropogenic activities of organic matter in the Daya Bay during recent one hundred years

Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 通过对沉积物中粒度组成、总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、碳氮比（TOC/TN）和碳、氮稳定同位素丰度（δ¹³C、δ¹⁵N）等的分析，结合沉积年代学信息与端元混合模型结果，解析了百年尺度下大亚湾沉积物中不同来源有机质的演变过程及控制因素。结果表明，大亚湾沉积物特性在20世纪70年代末至80年代初发生了显著改变：在此之前，TOC、TN、δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N表现稳定，陆源与海源有机碳的比例维持在3∶7，而自此之后，TOC与TN含量显著升高，TOC/TN持续下降，在1980—2000年和2010年至今都出现了陆源有机碳比例升高，海源有机碳比例降低的现象。上述显著变化表明大亚湾海洋环境自20世纪70年代末至80年代初已经发生了重大变化。近20年来GDP与沉积柱中TN和δ¹⁵N呈现出的显著正相关，与TOC/TN呈现出的显著负相关，表明沿岸经济的迅猛增长，水产养殖业的快速发展，周边人口的急速增加等人为活动，是造成大亚湾生态环境变化的重要原因。未来的研究应更密切关注人为活动对海湾生态环境的影响，通过法律法规约束行为，加强海湾生态环境保护与修复治理工作。
- 碳、氮同位素 /
- 有机质 /
- 人为活动 /
- 环境演变 /
- 沉积物 /
- 大亚湾
Abstract: The grain size of sediments, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), ratio of TOC/TN, and abundance of stable isotope (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N) were analyzed in sediments of the Daya Bay. Combining with the sedimentary chronology information and end-member model, the sediment records and responses for anthropogenic activities of organic matter in the Daya Bay during recent one hundred years were discussed. The results showed that the sediment characteristics of the Daya Bay changed significantly from late 1970s to early 1980s. Before that time, TOC, TN, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N were stable, and the ratio of terrestrial and marine organic carbon was maintained at 3:7. After then, however, the content of TOC and TN has been significantly increased, and TOC/TN has continued to decline. From 1980 to 2000 and from 2010 to date, there has been increases of terrestrial organic carbon and decreases of marine organic carbon. The aforementioned variations of sediment characteristics in the Daya Bay indicated the marine environment has undergone significant changes since late 1970s to early 1980. During the recent 20 years, the GDP had significant positive correlations with TN and δ¹⁵N, and had significant negative correlation with the TOC/TN. These finding proved the rapid developments of economy, aquaculture, and population around the Daya Bay were the controlling factors for the ecological environment change. Future research should pay close attention to the influence of human activities on the ecological environment of coastal bays, and reasonably establish laws and regulations to protect and repair the ecological environment of them.
- stable isotope of carbon and nitrogen /
- organic matter /
- anthropogenic activities /
- environmental changes /
- sediment /
- Daya Bay

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