中国近海鲐鱼资源时空分布与海洋净初级生产力的关系研究

郭爱; 余为; 陈新军; 钱卫国; 李曰嵩

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.08.005

中国近海鲐鱼资源时空分布与海洋净初级生产力的关系研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2018.08.005

1.
上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012;浙江省海洋水产研究所, 浙江舟山 316021
2.
上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306
3.
上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306

基金项目: 中国博士后基金面上项目（2017M611612）；上海市科委地方院校能力建设计划项目（15320502200）；上海海洋大学博士启动基金（A2-0203-17-100313）；大洋渔业资源可持续发展重点实验室开放基金（A1-0203-00-2009-5）；卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室资助项目（QNHX1818）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-12-21
- 修回日期: 2018-03-01

Relationship between spatio-temporal distribution of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus and net primary production in the coastal waters of China

1.
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China
2.
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China
3.
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China

摘要

摘要: 海洋净初级生产力影响了浮游动植物的空间分布和丰度，因此决定了海洋渔业的潜在产量。本文根据2006-2015年7-9月中国远洋渔业数据中心提供的中国近海鲐鱼捕捞数据和海洋净初级生产力遥感数据，以单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）表征资源丰度，以经度和纬度重心表征空间分布，分析研究了鲐鱼资源丰度和空间分布与海洋净初级生产力的关系。研究结果表明，2006-2015年鲐鱼产量、CPUE、经度和纬度重心呈现明显的月份和年际变化，7-9月渔场内净初级生产力空间分布模式不同。频率分布结果表明7-9月鲐鱼对应的适宜净初级生产力浓度范围分别为300~500 mg/（m²·d）（以碳计，下同），300~400 mg/（m²·d），300~400 mg/（m²·d）。相关分析结果表明，鲐鱼资源丰度与适宜净初级生产力海域范围比例呈显著正相关，且鲐鱼纬度重心与适宜净初级生产力海域平均纬度呈显著正相关关系，这表明渔场内的净初级生产力大小和分布模式显著影响鲐鱼的资源丰度和渔场重心位置。在鲐鱼主要分布海域25°~30°N，120°~130°E范围内，鲐鱼资源丰度与净初级生产力大小呈显著负相关关系。此外，不同气候条件下鲐鱼渔场净初级生产力大小变化不同，2007年和2010年强拉尼娜年份以及2009年中强厄尔尼诺年份鲐鱼渔场范围海洋净初级生产力降低，但适宜的海洋净初级生产力范围增大，导致鲐鱼资源丰度上升；而2015年超强厄尔尼诺年份鲐鱼渔场范围内海洋净初级生产力上升，但适宜的海洋净初级生产力范围显著减小，因此鲐鱼资源丰度相对降低。研究表明，中国近海鲐鱼资源时空分布与海洋净初级生产力具有显著关联。
- 鲐鱼 /
- 净初级生产力 /
- 资源丰度 /
- 空间分布 /
- 厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜 /
- 中国近海
Abstract: The ocean net primary productivity (NPP) significantly affects spatial distribution and abundance of zooplankton and phytoplankton, determining the potential catches of the marine fisheries. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the abundance (indicated by catch per unit effort, CPUE) and distribution (indicated by longitudinal gravity center, LONG and latitudinal gravity center, LATG) of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus in the coastal waters of China and the net primary productivity by using the fishery data from July to September during 2006-2015 obtained from the data centers of Chinese distance water fishery combined with the remote sensing environmental data. The results indicated that the catch, CPUE, LONG and LATG presented clearly seasonal and interannual variability. The NPP also exhibited different spatial distribution from July to September on the fishing ground of S. japonicus. The frequency distribution analysis suggested that the suitable range of the net primary productivity for S. japonicus was 300-500 mg/(m²·d)in July, 300-400 mg/(m²·d) in August, 300-400 mg/(m²·d) in September, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated the CPUE of S. japonicus was significantly and positively correlated with the percentage of suitable range of NPP. Similarly, significant positive relationship was found between the average latitude of the suitable NPP and the LATG of S. japonicus, suggesting that the level and spatial distribution of NPP on the fishing ground of S. japonicus dramatically impacted its abundance and spatial pattern of fishing gravity centers. Negative relationship was found between the NPP and the CPUE of S. japonicus in the region 25°-30°N, 120°-130°E. Furthermore, the NPP level was different under different anomalous climate condition. The strong La Niña years in 2007 and 2010 and the moderate El Niño year in 2009 yielded reduced NPP on the fishing ground of S. japonicus, however, the suitable range of NPP for S. japonicus enlarged, leading to increased abundance of S. japonicus. Whereas the very strong El Niño in 2015 yielded relatively increased NPP on the fishing ground of S. japonicus, however, the suitable NPP area for S. japonicus significantly decreased, resulting in low abundance of S. japonicus. Our findings suggested that the S. japonicus stock in the coastal waters in China was strongly related to the net primary productivity.
- Scomber japonicus /
- net primary productivity /
- stock abundance /
- spatial distribution /
- El Niño and La Niña /
- coastal waters of China

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