东北太平洋Explorer Ridge热液羽状流位温浊度异常和物质能量通量估算

郭双喜; 鲁远征; 岑显荣; 屈玲; Sharon L. Walker; 周生启

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.001

东北太平洋Explorer Ridge热液羽状流位温浊度异常和物质能量通量估算

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2017.12.001

1.
中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境国家重点实验室, 广东广州 510301
2.
美国国家海洋和大气局太平洋海洋环境实验室, 美国西雅图 98115

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41406035，41476167，41606010）；中科院战略性先导专项（XDA11030301）；广东省自然科学基金（2016A030311042，2016A030313155）。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-03
- 修回日期: 2017-05-15

Temperature and turbidity anomalies and flux estimation of hydrothermal plume in Explorer Ridge in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

1.
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2.
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98115, USA

摘要

摘要: 深海热液流体与周围海水之间存在明显的物理和化学差异，通过检测海水的位温浊度异常是探测深海热液活动的重要手段之一。本文采用"海底火山带项目（Submarine Ring of Fire 2002）"拖曳式温盐深测量仪数据资料，研究了东北太平洋Explorer Ridge热液场的水文特征及物质能量通量的释放。结果表明Explorer Ridge热液场热液羽状流中性浮力层所在深度范围约为1 600~1 900 m，距离海底的高度约为200 m，最大位温、盐度和浊度异常分别为0.04℃、0.004和0.18 NTU；中性浮力层热液羽状流帽呈椭圆结构，其长轴与洋中脊线重合，羽状流帽总面积约为27 km²；热液羽状流在中性层范围内存在明显的分层现象，通过经验公式计算得到Explorer Ridge热液场观测范围内热液喷口的总的浮力通量为6.19×10^-2 m⁴/s³，平均值为2.063×10^-2 m⁴/s³；总的体积通量为9.884×10^-2 m³/s，平均值为3.295×10^-2 m³/s；总的热通量为194.9 MW，平均值为64.967 MW。
- 东北太平洋 /
- ExplorerRidge热液场 /
- 位温异常 /
- 浊度异常 /
- 热通量
Abstract: There are significant physical and chemical differences between deep-sea hydrothermal fluids and ambient seawater. Detecting the temperature and turbidity anomaly is one of the main methods to explore the hydrothermal fields. Based on the towed CTD dataset of the project of Submarine Ring of Fire 2002, the hydrological characteristics and flux discharge of hydrothermal vents in Explorer Ridge were analyzed. The neutral buoyancy layer in Explorer Ridge hydrothermal filed is 1 600 to 1 900 m, about 200 m above the seafloor. The maximums of temperature, salinity and turbidity anomaly are 0.04℃, 0.004 and 0.18 NTU, respectively. The shape of the neutral buoyancy layer is approximately elliptical, the major axis overlaps with the ocean ridge, and the total area is about 27 km². It is found that the neutral buoyancy layer is distinctly layered. It is estimated with empirical formulas that the total buoyancy flux, volume flux and heat flux of the measured hydrothermal vents are 6.19×10^-2 m⁴/s³, 9.884×10^-2 m³/s and 194.9 MW, respectively, and their average values are 2.063×10^-2 m⁴/s³, 3.295×10^-2 m³/s and 64.967 MW, respectively.
- the Northeast Pacific Ocean /
- Explorer Ridge /
- potential temperature anomaly /
- potential turbidity anomaly /
- heat flux

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