西北太平洋楚科奇海沉积物-水界面营养盐输送通量估算

张海舟; 庄燕培; 朱庆梅; 李宏亮; 刘小涯; 陈法锦; 卢勇; 陈建芳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.11.015

西北太平洋楚科奇海沉积物-水界面营养盐输送通量估算

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2015.11.015

1.
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310012
2.
广东海洋大学广东省近海海洋变化与灾害预警技术重点实验室, 广东湛江 524088

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(41003036,41076135);南北极环境综合考察与评估专项(CHINARE20130403, 20130304);极地科学战略研究基金(20120104)。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1468
- HTML全文浏览量: 24
- PDF下载量: 1197
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-04-09

Estimation of nutrients flux of water-sediment interface in the Chukchi Sea,the western Arctic Ocean

1.
Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanologica Administion, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Coastal Ocean Variation Disaster Prediction Technologies, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

摘要

摘要: 陆架区沉积物间隙水的营养盐再生是水体营养盐补充的重要途径之一。楚科奇海陆架区中部沉积物间隙水中的营养盐分布,是物理和生物扰动较弱状态下的沉积物-水界面的典型分布。本文对中国第4次北极科学考察采集的4个多管短柱沉积物样品及多管样站位的上层水样进行分析,得到沉积物间隙水、上覆水以及水柱中营养盐数据。结果表明,沉积物间隙水各营养盐浓度均先随沉积深度增加而呈指数快速升高,记为Ⅰ层;然后进入沉积物再矿化作用与营养盐移出速率相互抵消的稳定变化层,营养盐浓度在该阶段基本不变,记为Ⅱ层;最后是营养盐缓慢递减层,记为Ⅲ层,由于该层有机质降解作用耗尽氧气,NO₃^-和PO₄^3-被还原细菌利用而失去氧离子。通过双层模式和Fick第一扩散定律,计算得出楚科奇海沉积物-水界面硅酸盐、磷酸盐和硝酸盐的扩散通量分别为1.660 mmol/(m²·d)(以Si计量)、0.008 mmol/(m²·d)(以P计量)、0.117 mmol/(m²·d)(以N计量)(以R06站为例)。四个调查站位沉积物中硅酸盐的扩散通量分别为3.101 mmol/(m²·d)(以Si计量,CC1站)、1.660 mmol/(m²·d)(以Si计量,R06站)、1.307 mmol/(m²·d)(以Si计量,C07站)、0.243 mmol/(m²·d)(以Si计量,S23站),含量呈现明显的纬度分布特征。沉积物间隙水N^*的分布表明,楚科奇海沉积环境具有很强的反硝化过程,沉积物脱氮作用是硝酸盐一个重要的汇。
- 生物硅 /
- 沉积物-水界面 /
- 输送通量 /
- 楚科奇海
Abstract: Nutrients regeneration in pore water is one of the important ways to supply nutrients of upper water column in the shelf. The pore water in sediment of the central Chukchi Sea continental shelf, showed a typical benthic distribution of nutrients at water-sediment interface, in where physical and bioturbation was weak. The nutrient samples in multi-tubular short column sediment and water column were obtained from the Forth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition, to measure the nutrient concentrations of pore water, overlying water and water column. The results show that, the typical distribution can be separated into three layers. The first layer is the exponential increasing layer (I), in which the concentrations of nutrients increased rapidly with depth. Then was the steady layer (Ⅱ), the sediment demineralization was equal to the nutrient transference and nutrients' concentrations were substantially constant at this stage. The third layer was a slowly descending layer (Ⅲ), in which NO₃^- and PO₄^3- were reduced by bacteria and lost oxygen ions due to organic materials degradation depleting oxygen. By a two-layer mode and the Fick's first law of diffusion, diffusive fluxes of silicate, phosphate and nitrate in R06 station of the Chukchi Sea shelf can be calculated, and the fluxes were 1.660 mmol/(m²·d), 0.008 mmol/(m²·d) and 0.117 mmol/(m²·d), respectively. The diffusive fluxes of silicate for CC1, R06, C07 and S23 stations were 3.101 mmol/(m²·d), 1.660 mmol/(m²·d), 1.307 mmol/(m²·d) and 0.243 mmol/(m²·d), respectively, which show obvious distribution characteristics with latitude. Distribution of N^* in the pore water suggested that a strong denitrification process in sedimentary environment of the Chukchi Sea shelf, which is an important sink for nitrate.
- biogenic silica /
- water-sediment interface /
- transport flux /
- Chukchi Sea

HTML全文

参考文献(33)

Grebmeler J M, Cooper L W, Ferderh M, et al. Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific influenced northern Bering and Chukchi Sea in the Amerasian arctic[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2006, 71:331-361.

Holmes R M, Peterson B J, Gorceev V V. Flux of nutrients from Russian rivers to the Arctic Ocean:Can we establish a baseline against which to judge future changes?[J]. Water Resources Research, 2000, 36(8): 2309-2320.

Peterson B J, Holmes R M, McClelland J W, et al. Increasing river discharge to the Arctic Ocean[J]. Science, 2002, 298(5601): 2171-2173.

Guo L D, Zhang J Z, Guéguen C. Speciation and fluxes of nutrients (N, P, Si) from the upper Yukon River[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2004, 18:GB1038.

Mundy C J, Gosselin M, Ehn J, et al. Contribution of under-ice primary production to an ice-edge upwelling phytoplankton bloom in the Canadian Beaufort Sea[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009, 36(17):GL038837.

Hannah C G, Dupont F, Dunphy M. Polynyas and tidal currents in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago[J]. Arctic, 2009, 62(1): 83-95.

Tovar A S, Duarte C M, Alonso J C, et al. Impacts of metals and nutrients released from melting multiyear Arctic sea ice[J].Journal of Geophysical Research, 2010, 115:C07003.

Yanpei Z, Haiyan J, Jianfang C, et al. Response of nutrients and the surface phytoplankton community to ice melting in the central Arctic Ocean[J]. Advances in Polar Science, 2011, 22(4): 266-272.

吴丰昌, 万国江, 蔡玉蓉. 沉积物-水界面的生物地球化学研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 1996, 11(2): 191-197. Wu Fengchang, Wan Guojiang, Cai Yurong. Biogeochemical progress at the sediment-water interface[J]. Advance in Earth Sciences, 1996, 11(2): 191-197.

van Luijn F, Boers P C M, Lijklema L, et al. Nitrogen fluxes and processes in sandy and muddy sediments from a shallow eutrophic lake[J]. Water Research, 1999, 33(1): 33-42.

Souza A C, Kim I N, Gardner W S, et al. Dinitrogen, oxygen, and nutrient fluxes at the sediment-water interface and bottom water physical mixing on the Eastern Chukchi Sea shelf[J]. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2014, 102: 77-83.

Christensen J P. Sedimentary carbon oxidation and denitrification on the shelf break of the Alaskan Beaufort and Chukchi Seas[J]. Open Oceanography Journal, 2008, 2: 6-17.

Devol A H, Codispoti L A, Christensen J P. Summer and winter denitrification rates in western Arctic shelf sediments[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 1997, 17(9): 1029-1050.

Grasshoff K, Kremling K, Ehrhardt M. Methods of seawater analysis[M]. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 1999: 177-197.

金明明, 陈建芳, 赵进平, 等. 加拿大海盆的营养盐极大[J]. 极地研究, 2004, 16(3): 240-252. Jin Mingming, Chen Jianfang, Zhao Jinping, et al. Nutrient maximum in the Canada Basin[J]. Polar Research, 2004, 16(3): 240-252.

扈传昱, 潘建明, 刘小涯, 等. 南大洋沉积物间隙水中营养盐分布及扩散通量研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2006, 28(4): 102-107. Hu Chuanyi, Pan Jianming, Liu Xiaoya, et al. Study on distribution and benthic fluxes of nutrients in sediment interstitial water of the Southern Ocean[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2006, 28(4): 102-107.

Berner R A. Early diagenesis: A theoretical approach[M]. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1980.

Baskaran M, Naidu A S. ²¹⁰Pb-derived chronology and the fluxes of ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs isotopes into continental shelf sediments, East Chukchi Sea, Alaskan Arctic[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1995, 59(21): 4435-4448.

Chang B X, Devol A H. Seasonal and spatial patterns of sedimentary denitrification rates in the Chukchi Sea[J]. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2009, 56(17): 1339-1350.

叶曦雯, 刘素美, 张经. 黄海、渤海沉积物中生物硅的测定及存在问题的讨论[J]. 海洋学报, 2002, 24(1):129-134. Ye Xinwen, Liu Sumei, Zhang Jing. Diterm ination of biogenic opal in sedim ent of the Huanghai and Bohai Sea and questions in the method[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2002, 24(1):129-134.

Ullman W J, Aller R C. Diffusion coefficients in nearshore marine sediments[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 1982, 27(3): 552-556.

Yuanhui L, Gregory S. Diffusion of ions in sea water and in deep-sea sediments[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1974, 38(5): 703-714.

Wollast R, Garrels R M. Diffusion coefficient of silica in seawater[J]. Nature, 1971, 229(3): 94-94.

Liu S M, Zhang J, Jiang W S. Pore water nutrient regeneration in shallow coastal Bohai Sea, China[J]. Journal of Oceanography, 2003, 59(3): 377-385.

Gruber N, Sarmiento J L. Global patterns of marine nitrogen fixation and denitrification[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1997, 11(2): 235-266.

Rysgaard S, Glud R N. Anaerobic N₂ production in Arctic sea ice[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 2004, 49(1): 86-94.

戚晓红, 刘素美, 张经. 东、黄海沉积物-水界面营养盐交换速率的研究[J]. 海洋科学, 2006, 30(3): 9-15. Qi Xiaohong, Liu Sumei, Zhang Jing. Sediment water fluxes of nutrients in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea[J]. Marine Sciences, 2006, 30(3): 9-15.

Treguer P J. The southern ocean silica cycle[J]. Geoscience, 2014, 346(11): 279-286.

Ziebis W, McManus J, Ferdelman T, et al. Interstitial fluid chemistry of sediments underlying the North Atlantic gyre and the influence of subsurface fluid flow[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012, 323-324: 79-91.

Gomoiu M T. Marine eutrophication syndrome in the north-western part of the Black Sea[M]//Marine Coastal Eutrophicaiton. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992: 683-692.

Marz C, Meinhardt A K, Schnetger B, et al. Silica diagenesis and benthic fluxes in the Arctic Ocean[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2015, 171: 1-9.

Link H, Chaillou G, Forest A, et al. Multivariate benthic ecosystem functioning in the Arctic-benthic fluxes explained by environmental parameters in the southeastern Beaufort Sea[J]. Biogeosciences, 2013, 10: 5911-5929.

冉莉华, 陈建芳, 金海燕, 等. 白令海和楚科奇海表层沉积硅藻分布特征[J]. 极地研究, 2012, 24(1): 15-23. Ran Lihua, Chen Jianfang, Jin Haiyan, et al. The distribution of surface sediment diatoms in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2012, 24(1): 15-23.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计