渤海大型底栖动物种类组成与群落结构研究

刘晓收; 范颖; 史书杰; 华尔; 张志南

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.12.005

渤海大型底栖动物种类组成与群落结构研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2014.12.005

中国海洋大学海洋生命学院, 山东青岛 266003

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(40730847,41006081);中国海洋大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(201462008)。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1414
- HTML全文浏览量: 7
- PDF下载量: 1056
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-02-16
- 修回日期: 2014-03-06

Studies on the species composition and community structure of macrofauna in the Bohai Sea,China

College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

摘要

摘要: 本文利用2008年8月在渤海23个站位采集的样品对大型底栖动物的丰度、生物量、群落结构及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。共鉴定出大型底栖动物300种,主要类群包括环节动物多毛类、节肢动物甲壳类、软体动物、棘皮动物等。研究海域大型底栖动物的平均丰度为1 094.7 ind/m²,平均生物量为11.78 g/m²,其中丰度最高区位于辽东湾,最低区位于渤海湾;生物量最高区位于渤海中部,最低区出现在渤海海峡湾口处。依据丰度和生物量进行了CLUSTER聚类和MDS标序图分析,结果可将研究站位划分为6个站组,均与沉积物底质类型密切相关。所研究海域底质类型包括黏土质粉砂、砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂-粉砂-黏土5种。通过BIOENV分析,发现影响大型底栖动物群落结构和分布的主要环境因子有水深、黏土粉砂含量、脱镁叶绿酸含量、叶绿素含量等。与20世纪90年代历史数据的对比发现,本次研究大型底栖动物的物种数目明显减少,平均丰度也减少,特别是优势物种表现出了小型化趋势,传统的大型种类,如心形海胆、双壳类等,被小个体的多毛类和甲壳类所取代。本研究表明渤海近年来受人类活动影响,出现了不同程度的污染,导致大型底栖动物群落结构发生了变化。
- 大型底栖动物 /
- 丰度 /
- 生物量 /
- 群落结构 /
- 渤海
Abstract: In this paper,the abundance,biomass,community structure of macrofauna and its relationship with environmental factors in the Bohai Sea were studied using the samples collected from 23 stations in August 2008. A total of 300 species were identified,among which the major taxa were polychaetes,crustaceans,mollusks and echinoderms. The average abundance of macrofauna was 1 094.7 ind/m²,and the average biomass was 11.78 g/m². The highest abundance was located in Liaodong Bay,while the lowest was in Bohai Bay. The highest biomass was located in the middle of the Bohai Sea,while the lowest appeared in Bohai Strait. CLUSTER and MDS analysis based on the abundance data showed that six communities groups could be divided,which were closely related to the types of sediment. The sediment types in this area included clayey silt,sand,sandy silt,silt sand and sand-silt-clay. BIOENV analysis showed that the major environmental factors affecting the community macrofaunal structure and distribution were water depth,sediment silt-clay percentage,phaeophorbide and chlorophyll contents. The number of species and average abundance of macrofauna in the area have obviously declined compared with the historical data in 1990s. It is noted that the dominant species showed a miniaturization trend. The traditionally dominant large-sized species,such as heart urchin and bivalves,were replaced by small-sized polychaetes and crustaceans. The present study showed that the Bohai Sea was affected by human activities and suffered various degrees of pollution in recent years,resulting in the changes of macrofauna community structure.
- macrofauna /
- abundance /
- biomass /
- community structure /
- Bohai Sea

HTML全文

参考文献(41)

韩洁,张志南,于子山. 渤海中、南部大型底栖动物物种多样性的研究[J]. 生物多样性,2003,11(1): 20-27.

孙道元,唐质灿. 黄河口及邻近水域底栖动物生态特点[J]. 海洋科学集刊,1989,30: 261-275.

孙道元,刘银城. 渤海底栖动物种类组成和数量分布[J]. 黄渤海海洋,1991,9(1): 42-49.

张志南,图立红,于子山. 黄河口及其邻近海域大型底栖动物的初步研究(一)生物量[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报,1990,20(1): 37-45.

张志南,图立红,于子山. 黄河口及其邻近海域大型底栖动物的初步研究(二)生物与沉积环境的关系[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报,1990,20(2): 45-52.

房恩军,李军,马维林,等. 渤海湾近岸海域大型底栖动物(Macrofauna)初步研究[J]. 现代渔业信息,2006,21(10): 11-15.

国家海洋局. 《2010年中国海洋环境状况公报》.

刘学海,袁业立. 渤海近岸水域近年生态退化状况分析[J]. 海洋环境科学,2008,27(5): 531-536.

吴迪,王菊英,马德毅,等. 基于PSR框架的典型海湾富营养化综合评价方法研究[J]. 海洋湖沼通报,2011(1): 131-136.

冯士筰,张经,魏皓,等. 渤海环境动力学导论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,2007.

Brey T. Estimating productivity of macrobenthic invertebrates from biomass and mean individual weight[J]. Meeresforsch,1990,32: 329-343.

Brey T,Cerdes D. Is Antarctic benthic biomass really higher than elsewhere?[J]. Antarctic Sci,1997,9: 266-267.

Brey T,Gerdes D. High Antarctic macrobenthic community production[J]. J Exper Mar Biol Ecol,1998,231(2): 191-200.

Buchanan J B,Warwick R M. An estimate of benthic macrofaunal production in the off shore mud of the Northumberland coast[J]. J Mar Biol Asso UK,1974,54(1): 197-222.

Crips D J. Energy Flow Measurements in Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos[M]. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications,1984: 284-366.

Edgar G J. The use of the size structure of benthic macrofaunal communities to estimate faunal biomass and secondary production[J]. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol,1990,137(3): 195-214.

于子山,张志南,韩洁. 渤海大型底栖动物次级生产力的初步研究[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报,2001,31(6): 867-871.

Eleftheriou A,McIntyre A. Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos[M]. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications,2005: 1-418.

国家质量监督局和国家标准化委员会. 海洋调查规范第6部分: 海洋生物调查. 中华人民共和国国家标准GB/ T12763. 6-2007[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,2008.

国家质量监督局和国家标准化委员会. 海洋监测规范. 第5部分: 沉积物分析. 中华人民共和国国家标准GB/ T17378. 5-2007[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,2008.

Pinkas L,Oliphant M S,Iverson I L K. Food habits of albacore,blue fin tuna,and bonito in California waters[J]. California Department of Fish and Game Fish Bulletin,1971,152: 1-105.

Clarke K R,Warwick R M. Change in Marine Communities: an Approach to Statistical Analysis and Interpretation[M]. Plymouth,UK: Plymouth Marine Laboratory,1994.

周红,张志南. 大型多元统计软件PRIMER 的方法原理及其在底栖群落生态学中的应用[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(1): 58-64.

周红,华尔,张志南. 秋季莱州湾及邻近海域大型底栖动物群落结构的研究[J]. 中国海洋大学学报,2010,40(8): 80-87.

韩洁,张志南,于子山. 渤海大型底栖动物丰度和生物量的研究[J]. 青岛海洋大学学报,2001,31(6): 889-896.

Huston M. A general hypothesis of species diversity[J]. The American Naturalist,1979,113(1): 81-101.

Moodley L,Heip C H R,Middelburg J J. Benthic activity in sediments of the Northwestern Adriatic Sea: sediment oxygen consumption,macro^-and meiofauna dynamics[J]. J Sea Res,1998,40(3/4): 263-280.

王瑜,刘录三,刘存歧,等. 渤海湾近岸海域春季大型底栖动物群落特征[J]. 环境科学研究,2010,23(4): 430-436.

刘录三,孟伟,郑丙辉,等. 辽东湾北部海域大型底栖动物研究: Ⅰ. 种类组成与数量分布[J]. 环境科学研究,2008,21(6): 118-123.

刘录三,孟伟,李新正,等. 辽东湾北部海域大型底栖动物研究: Ⅱ. 生物多样性与群落结构[J]. 环境科学研究,2009,22(2): 155-161.

Liu R Y,Cui Y H,Xu F S,et al. Ecology of Macrobenthos of the East China Sea and Adjacent Waters,Proceedings of International Symposium on Sedimentation on the Continental Shelf,with Special Reference to the East China Sea[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press,1983: 879-903.

Zhou H,Zhang Z N,Liu X S,et al. Changes in the shelf macrobenthic community over large temporal and spatial scales in the Bohai Sea,China[J]. Journal of Marine Systems,2007,67(3/4): 312-321.

毕洪生,孙松,孙道远. 胶州湾大型底栖生物群落结构的变化[J]. 海洋与湖沼,2001,32(2): 132-138.

袁伟,张志南,于子山,等. 胶州湾西北部海域大型底栖动物群落研究[J]. 中国海洋大学学报,2006,36(Z1): 91-97.

Gao X L,Zhou F X,Chen C T A. Pollution status of the Bohai Sea: An overview of the environmental quality assessment related trace metals[J]. Environment International,2014,62: 12-30.

Handley S J,Willis T J,Cole R G,et al. The importance of benchmarking habitat structure and composition for understanding the extent of fishing impacts in soft sediment ecosystems[J]. Journal of Sea Research,2014,86: 58-68.

邓景耀. 渤海渔业资源增殖与管理的生态学基础[J]. 海洋水产研究,1988(9): 1-10.

邓景耀,孟田湘,任胜民,等. 渤海鱼类种类组成及数量分布[J]. 海洋水产研究,1988(9): 11-89.

邓景耀,姜卫民,杨纪明,等. 渤海主要生物种间关系及食物网的研究[J]. 中国水产科学,1997,4(4): 1-7.

李新正,于海燕,王永强,等. 胶州湾大型底栖动物的物种多样性现状[J]. 生物多样性,2001,9(1): 80-84.

Rijinsdorp A D,van Leeuwen P I,Daan N,et al. Changes in abundance of demersal fish species in the North Sea between 1906-1909 and 1990-1995[J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science 1996,53(6): 1054-1062.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计