A study on bimodal spectral patterns based on fixed-point observation data in Jiangsu sea area
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摘要: 江苏海域作为全国海上风电重点建设海域，走向远海是未来发展的主趋势，外海开敞海域涌浪成分较多，海浪谱往往以双峰谱的形式出现，因此双峰谱海浪的谱型特征需要进一步深入研究，为海上施工提供参考依据。基于浮标测站2018年全年观测数据，经过异常值检验、双峰谱识别后得到1 223笔双峰谱数据，进而研究江苏海域波浪双峰谱谱型特征，对比不同典型双峰谱谱型并展开实测双峰谱的拟合，提出了修正谱宽参量，探究了修正系数、峰升高因子、谱宽参量间的依赖关系，得到了双峰谱拟合谱型表达式。结果表明：基于北大西洋海域提出Ochi-Hubble谱系及基于挪威海域提出的Torsethaugen谱并不适用于江苏海域双峰谱谱型，本文提出的双峰JONSWAP拟合谱具有自适应性，可以科学合理地描述江苏海域双峰谱谱型，并推广应用于不同风场、地形条件的海域中。
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关键词:
- 江苏海域 /
- 双峰谱 /
- Ochi-Hubble六参数谱 /
- Torsethaugen双峰谱 /
- 双峰JONSWAP拟合谱
Abstract: As a national key construction sea area, the trend of offshore wind power construction in the Jiangsu sea area towards the open sea is the main trend of future development. The open sea areas have more surge components, and the wave spectrum often appears in the form of bimodal spectrum. Therefore, the wave characteristics of bimodal spectrum waves need further in-depth research to provide reference basis for offshore construction. Based on the observation data of the buoy station throughout 2018, 1223 bimodal spectral data were obtained through outlier testing and bimodal spectral identification. The bimodal spectral characteristics of waves in the Jiangsu sea area were studied, and different typical bimodal spectral types were compared. The fitting of the measured bimodal spectra was carried out, and the corrected spectral width parameters were proposed. The dependency relationship between the correction coefficient, peak rise factor, and spectral width parameters was explored, and the bimodal spectral fitting expression was obtained. The results indicate that the Ochi–Hubble spectrum proposed based on the North Atlantic sea area and the Torsethaugen spectrum proposed based on the Norwegian sea area are not applicable to the bimodal spectrum type in the Jiangsu sea area. The bimodal JONSWAP fitting spectrum proposed in this paper has adaptability and can scientifically and reasonably describe the bimodal spectrum in the Jiangsu sea area, and is widely applied to different wind and terrain conditions in the sea area. -
图 6 实测站6月双峰谱谱型拟合曲线
Fig. 6 Fitting curve of bimodal spectrum pattern at the measured station in June
图 7 双峰谱谱宽参量的修正与对比
Fig. 7 Correction and comparison of bimodal spectral width parameters
图 8 双峰谱峰升高因子与谱宽分布关系
Fig. 8 Relationship between the peak rise factor and the spectral width of bimodal spectrum
图 9 双峰谱修正系数与谱宽、峰升高因子分布关系
Fig. 9 Relationship among correction coefficient, the peak rise factor and the spectral width of bimodal spectrum
图 10 含经验关系式的双峰谱谱型与实测谱型对比
Fig. 10 Comparison between bimodal spectral pattern with empirical relationship and measured spectral pattern
表 1 双峰谱不同谱型对比DI误差均值
Tab. 1 Comparison of DI error mean for different spectral shapes of the bimodal spectrum
月份 Torsethaugen双峰谱 Ochi-Hubble双峰谱谱系 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 79.02 113.04 102.85 89.91 95.93 80.79 95.97 167.42 95.88 99.87 394.54 93.25 2 90.91 105.43 84.99 88.02 92.25 82.28 88.18 132.03 88.02 99.89 445.32 84.88 3 95.17 147.02 150.08 90.88 95.95 80.28 96.95 188.59 97.53 99.86 423.48 94.63 4 71.62 128.43 118.17 89.77 95.35 78.45 95.09 181.64 95.78 99.87 420.46 92.36 5 67.66 110.14 120.46 88.76 94.60 80.26 96.70 152.66 93.12 99.87 324.16 90.93 6 63.66 122.07 124.24 90.77 93.58 79.32 91.91 159.33 92.79 99.89 339.74 89.23 7 69.56 115.62 140.09 88.90 94.04 80.97 94.49 155.45 94.89 99.88 323.89 91.63 8 70.67 107.78 141.96 90.27 94.26 81.99 95.22 146.26 95.31 99.89 292.95 92.30 9 79.58 112.15 138.69 89.34 95.25 82.79 95.75 149.03 95.83 99.88 313.80 92.60 10 102.83 121.63 123.84 90.55 95.69 80.47 96.53 173.07 96.56 99.87 381.21 93.68 11 75.95 130.31 118.31 89.27 96.22 77.90 96.65 187.03 96.50 99.86 443.11 94.19 12 76.61 120.25 112.54 89.44 95.40 78.76 94.56 171.41 93.39 99.87 391.99 91.77 平均值 78.60 119.49 123.02 89.66 94.88 80.36 94.83 163.66 94.63 99.88 374.55 91.79 
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表 2 双峰JONSWAP拟合谱各月误差指标DI及拟合参数均值
Tab. 2 Monthly error index DI and fitting parameter mean of bimodal JONSWAP fitting spectrum
月份 DI误差 低频区 高频区 $ {\alpha _1} $ $ {\gamma _1} $ $ {\alpha _2} $ $ {\gamma _2} $ 1 29.44 0.95 3.09 0.89 2.14 2 21.13 0.80 4.02 0.95 2.10 3 36.63 0.68 2.71 0.95 1.49 4 33.98 0.92 3.18 0.90 1.88 5 27.42 0.86 3.12 0.87 2.31 6 25.78 0.82 2.80 0.87 2.16 7 31.22 0.80 2.75 0.87 2.07 8 27.09 0.86 2.23 0.86 1.95 9 32.32 0.84 2.51 1.01 2.06 10 30.67 0.87 2.84 0.92 1.82 11 31.89 0.89 3.18 0.93 1.97 12 30.80 0.86 2.86 0.85 2.51 平均值 29.86 0.85 2.94 0.91 2.04
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