涠洲岛海域美丽鹿角珊瑚和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚的性腺发育研究

韦芬; 崔梦瑶; 余克服; 黄雯; 张媛媛; 曾心茹; 魏鹏辉; 潘晓媛

doi:10.12284/hyxb2023177

涠洲岛海域美丽鹿角珊瑚和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚的性腺发育研究

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2023177

韦芬^1,,
崔梦瑶^{1, 2},
余克服^{1, 3, ,},
黄雯¹,
张媛媛¹,
曾心茹¹,
魏鹏辉¹,
潘晓媛^{1, 2}

1.
广西大学海洋学院/广西大学珊瑚礁研究中心/广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室，广西南宁 530004
2.
广西大学资源环境与材料学院，广西南宁 530004
3.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（广州），广东广州 511458

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42090041，42030502）；广西自然科学基金项目（AA17204074, AD17129063，2023GXNSFAA02651）；广西南海珊瑚礁研究重点实验室自主基金资助（GXLSCRSCS2023103）。

详细信息

作者简介:
韦芬（1986—），女，广西壮族自治区融安县人，博士，主要从事珊瑚礁的生态与修复相关研究。E-mail：weifensky@163.com

通讯作者:
余克服，男，教授，主要从事南海珊瑚礁地质、生态与环境研究。E-mail: kefuyu@scsio.ac.cn

中图分类号: P735
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-20
- 修回日期: 2023-11-01
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-01

Gonadal development of Acropora formosa and Favites abdita in Weizhou Island

Wei Fen^1
,,
Cui Mengyao^{1, 2},
Yu Kefu^{1, 3
, ,},
Huang Wen¹,
Zhang Yuanyuan¹,
Zeng Xinru¹,
Wei Penghui¹,
Pan Xiaoyuan^{1, 2}

1.
School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University/Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University/Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China
2.
School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
3.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China

摘要

摘要: 性腺发育是造礁珊瑚有性繁殖的重要过程，珊瑚会在性腺发育成熟后待环境适宜时进行大规模排卵。了解造礁珊瑚的性腺发育过程对预测其排卵时间具有重要的意义，但目前尚未有关于涠洲岛海域造礁珊瑚性腺发育的报道，且该海域造礁珊瑚的排卵时间也不明确。因此，本文于2021年9月至2022年5月，以涠洲岛海域的美丽鹿角珊瑚（Acropora formosa）和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚（Favites abdita）为研究对象，观察其在自然海域的性腺发育过程及排卵时间。结果显示，在自然海域美丽鹿角珊瑚的卵母细胞从9月开始发育，约经9个月发育成熟，精巢从11月开始发育，经2～3个月成熟；秘密角蜂巢珊瑚的卵母细胞在10–11月间开始发育，经7～8个月发育成熟，精巢发育周期为1～2个月；2种珊瑚的配子均在2022年5月份同步成熟，并于2022年5月19–22日（农历四月十九至二十二日）间观察到了室内2种珊瑚的排卵行为，与其在自然海域的排卵时间基本一致。基于上述证据，本文推测涠洲岛海域美丽鹿角珊瑚和秘密角蜂巢珊瑚主要的排卵时间在农历四月十五日前后。本研究为涠洲岛造礁珊瑚的繁殖生物学提供了宝贵的信息，为进一步利用其有性繁殖进行珊瑚礁的生态修复等提供了理论依据。
- 造礁珊瑚 /
- 排卵时间 /
- 性腺 /
- 组织学 /
- 有性繁殖 /
- 涠洲岛
Abstract: Gonadal development is a crucial process for sexual reproduction in scleractinian corals, after the gonad matured, corals will spawn in suitable environments, understanding this process is essential for predicting their spawn time. However, there is no report on the gonadal development cycle and the spawning time of corals in Weizhou Island is currently unknown. From September 2021 to May 2022, our study focused on Acropora formosa and Favites abdita in Weizhou Island to observe their gonadal development process and spawning time. In the wild, the oocytes of A. formosa began to develop in September and matured after nine months, while the testes were observed in November and matured after two to three months. In F. abdita, the onset of oocytes was between in October and November, mature oocytes were observed after seven to eight months, with the development period of the testes was about one to two months. Both corals’ gametes matured in May. In tanks, both corals were observed to spawn between May 19 to 22, 2022 ( April 19 to 22, Chinese lunar calendar), which was consistent with their spawning observed in wild. Based on the results, we postulate that the spawning time of A. formosa and F. abdita in Weizhou Island is around April 15th, Chinese lunar calendar. This study provides valuable information on the reproductive biology of Weizhou Island corals.
- scleratinian coral /
- spawning time /
- gonad /
- histological analyses /
- sexual reproduction /
- Weizhou Island

HTML全文

图 1 美丽鹿角珊瑚的性腺发育过程及排卵行为

a. 第Ⅰ时相卵母细胞（2021年9月28日）；b. 第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞（2021年11月18日）；c1, c2, c3. 在不同肠系膜中发育的第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞（c1、c2）和第Ⅰ时相精巢（c1、c3）（2022年3月8日）；d1, d2. 第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞（d1）和第Ⅱ时相精巢（d2）（2022年4月28日）；e1, e2. 第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞（e1）和第Ⅲ时相精巢（e2）（2022年5月8日）；f1, f2. 第Ⅳ时相的精巢（f1）、光学显微镜下发育成熟的性腺（f2）（2022年5月18日）；g1, g2, g3. 养殖缸（g1）和海区（g3）正在排卵的美丽鹿角珊瑚、排出的卵包（g2）（白色箭头所示为卵包）（2022年5月19日至22日）；h. 排卵后的性腺（2022年5月25日）；O. 卵母细胞；N. 细胞核；n. 核仁；lv. 脂质泡；cgb. 刺丝囊；sp. 精巢；yg. 卵黄颗粒；sni. 精原细胞；me. 中胶层；sti. 精母细胞；sdi. 精细胞；szoi. 精子；t. 精子尾. 标尺如下：a, b, c3, d2, e2, f1为50 μm；c1, c2, d1, e1为200 μm；f2, g2, h为500 μm

Fig. 1 Gonadal development and spawning of Acropora formosa

a. Stage Ⅰ oocyte (September 28, 2021); b. Stage Ⅱ oocyte (November 18, 2021); c1, c2, c3. Stage Ⅲ oocyte (c1, c2) and Stage Ⅰ spermary (c1, c3) developing in different mesenteries (March 8, 2022); d1, d2. Stage Ⅲ oocyte (d1) and Stage Ⅱ spermary (d2) (April 28, 2022); e1, e2. Stage Ⅳ oocyte (e1) and Stage Ⅲ spermary (e2) (May 8, 2022); f1, f2. Stage Ⅳ spermary (f1), mature gonads (f2) (May 18, 2022); g1, g2, g3. A. formosa were spawning in tank (g1) and in the wild (g3), egg-sperm bundle (g2) (egg-sperm bundles shown by the white arrow) (May 19–22, 2022); h. mesenteries after spawning (May 25, 2022); O. oocyte; N. nucleus; n. nucleolus; lv. lipid vesicle; cgb. cnidoglandular band; sp. spermary; yg. yolk granules; sni. spermatogonia; me. mesoglea; sti. spermatocyte; sdi. spermatid; szoi. spermatozoon; t. sperm tail. a, b, c3, d2, e2, f1: scales = 50 μm; c1, c2, d1, e1: scales = 200 μm; f2, g2, h: scales = 500 μm

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图 2 秘密角蜂巢珊瑚的性腺发育过程及排卵行为

a. 性腺未发育（2021年 9月28日）；b1, b2. 第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞（b1）和第Ⅰ时相卵母细胞（b2）（2021年 11月18日）；c. 第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞（2022年 3月8日）；d1, d2, d3, d4, d5. 在同一肠系膜中发育的配子（d1），第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞（d1、d2），第Ⅲ、Ⅳ时相精巢（d3、d4）及光学显微镜下成熟的性腺（d5）（2022年5月8日）；e1, e2. 养殖缸内正在排卵的秘密角蜂巢珊瑚（e1）（白色箭头所示为卵包）及卵母细胞（e2）（2022年 5月22日）；f. 排卵后的性腺（2022年5月25日）；me. 中胶层；cgb. 刺丝囊；O. 卵母细胞；N. 细胞核；n. 核仁；lv. 脂质泡；yg. 卵黄颗粒；mes. 肠系膜；sp. 精巢；sdi. 精细胞；szoi. 精子；t. 精子尾. 标尺如下：b1, b2, d3, d4为50 μm；a, c, d1, d2为200 μm；d5, e2, f为500 μm

Fig. 2 Gonadal development and spawning of Favites abdita

a. Undeveloped gonad (September 28, 2021); b1.b2. Stage Ⅱ oocyte (b1) and Stage Ⅰ oocyte (b2) (November 18, 2021); c. Stage Ⅲ oocyte (March 8, 2022); d1, d2, d3, d4, d5. gametes developing in the same mesentery (d1), Stage Ⅳ oocyte (d1 , d2), Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ spermaries (d3, d4) , mature gonad (d5) (May 8, 2022); e1, e2. F. abdita were spawning in tank (e1) (egg-sperm bundles shown by the white arrow) and oocytes (e2) (May 22, 2022); f. mesenteries after spawning (May 25, 2022); me. mesoglea; cgb. cnidoglandular band; O. oocyte; N. nucleus; n. nucleolus; lv. lipid vesicle; yg. yolk granules; mes. mesentery; sp. spermary; sdi. spermatid; szoi. spermatozoon; t. sperm tail. b1, b2, d3, d4: scales = 50 μm; a, c, d1, d2: scales = 200 μm; d5, e2, f: scales = 500 μm

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表 1 不同时期造礁珊瑚配子的主要形态特征

Tab. 1 Morphological characteristics of different gonadal stages in scleractinian corals

配子类型	时期	主要形态特征	图示
配子类型	时期	主要形态特征	美丽鹿角珊瑚	秘密角蜂巢珊瑚
卵母细胞	Ⅰ时相	细胞质质密，核质比较高，核膜不清晰	图1a	图2b2
	Ⅱ时相	卵母细胞内出现脂质泡，形状不规则	图1b	图2b1
	Ⅲ时相	出现卵黄颗粒，细胞核向细胞一端迁移	图1c2、图1d1	图2c
	Ⅳ时相	细胞间紧密黏连，细胞膜表面不规则凹陷	图1e1	图2d2
精巢	Ⅰ时相	较薄的中胶层包裹着十几个精原细胞	图1c3	−
	Ⅱ时相	精母细胞排列紧密，中胶层形成较厚的壁	图1d2	−
	Ⅲ时相	中胶层变薄，精细胞排列疏松，精巢内出现空腔	图1e2	图2d3
	Ⅳ时相	精子紧密排列，尾部汇聚于一侧	图1f1	图2d4
注：−表示无数据。

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