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莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼群落结构及多样性的季节变化

杨艳艳 朱明明 徐炳庆 李凡 高彦洁 孙春晓 魏潇 王斌

杨艳艳,朱明明,徐炳庆,等. 莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼群落结构及多样性的季节变化[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(9):59–70 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021052
引用本文: 杨艳艳,朱明明,徐炳庆,等. 莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼群落结构及多样性的季节变化[J]. 海洋学报,2021,43(9):59–70 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021052
Yang Yanyan,Zhu Mingming,Xu Bingqing, et al. Seasonal variation of community structure and diversity of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(9):59–70 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021052
Citation: Yang Yanyan,Zhu Mingming,Xu Bingqing, et al. Seasonal variation of community structure and diversity of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay[J]. Haiyang Xuebao,2021, 43(9):59–70 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021052

莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼群落结构及多样性的季节变化

doi: 10.12284/hyxb2021052
基金项目: 山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项(2018SDKJ0501-1);山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KE050);烟台市科技创新发展计划(2021XDHZ053);烟台市科技创新发展计划(2020MSGY061);山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室开放课题(201902)。
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨艳艳(1981-),女,黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市人,副研究员,从事海洋生物资源生态研究。E-mail:xqdlmu@163.com

    通讯作者:

    李凡,男,副研究员,主要从事海洋生物资源生态和修复研究。E-mail:lifan811230@126.com

  • 中图分类号: S932.4

Seasonal variation of community structure and diversity of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay

  • 摘要: 为了解鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种群动态以及生物多样性的变化规律,2014−2015年利用大型浮游生物网对莱州湾海域20个站位进行表层水平拖网调查。4个航次共采获鱼卵135 275粒,仔稚鱼2 456尾,隶属于9目16科20属。鱼卵、仔稚鱼主要种类变化依次从春季的鳀(Engraulis japonicus)和鰉(Liza haematocheilus),到夏季的赤鼻棱鳀(Thryssa kammalensis)和布氏银汉鱼(Allanetta bleekeri),到秋季的大银鱼(Protosalanx hyalocranius),再到冬季的长绵鳚(Zoarces elongatus)。鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成、数量分布以及群落多样性随季节变化,其中,夏季的丰富度指数(D)和多样性指数(H′)最高,秋季均匀度指数(J′)最高。鱼卵、仔稚鱼从春季到夏季的种类更替率最小。利用R语言聚类树的融合水平值定义划分水平,选择具有最大跳跃的分组水平,将鱼卵、仔稚鱼分为春组、夏秋组和冬组3个组群,春组和夏秋组、春组和冬组主要分歧种均为鳀,夏秋组和冬组主要分歧种为长绵鳚和赤鼻棱鳀。本研究补充了莱州湾海域鱼类早期补充资源的基础数据,旨在为莱州湾渔业资源评估和养护提供依据。
  • 图  1  莱州湾调查站位

    Fig.  1  Sample stations in the Laizhou Bay

    图  2  莱州湾海域鱼卵空间分布

    Fig.  2  Distribution of fish eggs in the Laizhou Bay

    图  3  莱州湾海域仔稚鱼空间分布

    Fig.  3  Distribution of larvae in the Laizhou Bay

    图  4  莱州湾海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼物种多样性

    Fig.  4  Species diversity of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay

    图  5  莱州湾海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类更替率

    Fig.  5  The species turnover rate of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay

    图  6  聚类树的融合水平值

    Fig.  6  Fusion level values of cluster tree

    图  7  莱州湾海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼群落结构季节变化聚类分析

    Fig.  7  Cluster analysis of seasonal changes in the community structure of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay

    表  1  莱州湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类组成

    Tab.  1  Species composition of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay

    种类季节适温类型
    斑鰶 Konosirus punctatus+**WT
    青鳞小沙丁 Sardinella zunasi*WT
    赤鼻棱鳀 Thryssa kammalensis+*WW
    Engraulis japonicus+**WT
    中颌棱鳀 Thryssa mystax*WW
    日本下鱵 Hyporhamphus sajori*WT
    Liza haematocheilus+*WT
    Mugil cephalus+WT
    大银鱼 Protosalanx hyalocranius*WW
    日本海马 Hippocampus japonicus*WT
    布氏银汉鱼 Allanetta bleekeri**WT
    Platycephalus indicus+*WW
    多鳞鱚 Sillago sihama+*WW
    小带鱼 Eupleurogrammus muticus+WW
    带鱼 Trichiurus japonicas+WT
    绯鴨 Callionymus beniteguri+WT
    长绵鳚 Zoarces elongatus*CT
    褐牙鲆 Paralichthys olivaceus+WT
    高眼鲽 Cleisthenes herzensteini+CT
    短吻红舌鳎 Cynoglossus joyeri+WT
    鰕虎鱼科未定种**WT
    未定种*
      注:+表示鱼卵;*表示仔稚鱼;WT表示暖温性种;WW表示暖水性种;CT表示冷温性种;−表示未采集到鱼卵或仔稚鱼、未获得适温类型。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  莱州湾海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼优势种和重要种组成

    Tab.  2  Dominant and important species composition of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay

    类别种类2014年5月 IRI2014年8月 IRI2014年10月 IRI2015年2月 IRI
    鱼卵Engraulis japonicus6 182.80
    斑鰶 Konosirus punctatus757.54
    赤鼻棱鳀 Thryssa kammalensis1 003.18
    多鳞鱚 Sillago sihama573.25
    仔稚鱼Liza haematocheilus1 147.84
    未定种 Unknown species308.01
    Engraulis japonicus133.47303.03
    布氏银汉鱼 Allanetta bleekeri1 750.00
    斑鰶 Konosirus punctatus505.05
    日本下鱵 Hyporhamphus sajori222.22
    大银鱼 Protosalanx hyalocranius687.50
    中颌棱鳀 Thryssa mystax625.00
    青鳞小沙丁鱼 Sardinella zunasi312.50
    长绵鳚 Zoarces elongatus7 500.00
      注:−代表未采集到鱼卵或仔稚鱼。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  莱州湾及邻近海域不同时期调查春、夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼的群落多样性( H′ )

    Tab.  3  Community diversity of ichthyoplankton in the Laizhou Bay and its adjacent waters in different periods (H′)

    调查季节调查年份种类数多样性指数(H′)调查区域参考文献
    春季1982271.665莱州湾[18]
    2003120.558莱州湾[18]
    2007100.39黄河口[20]
    2008140.988莱州湾[18]
    2014120.48莱州湾本文
    夏季2007101.05黄河口南部邻近海域[20]
    200750.95黄河口北部邻近海域[20]
    201491.70莱州湾本文
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-11-30
  • 修回日期:  2020-12-16
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-06-16
  • 刊出日期:  2021-09-25

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