基于线粒体DNA部分片段探讨条石鲷与斑石鲷的亲缘关系
Relationship between Oplegnathus fasciatus and O. punctatus revealed by mtDNA sequence characteristics
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摘要: 比较分析了条石鲷和斑石鲷线粒体基因组COI、Cyt b基因以及D-loop片段总长度为1 948 bp的核苷酸序列,探讨了条石鲷和斑石鲷的遗传分化程度。两种间共检测到314个多态位点,蛋白质编码基因上的核苷酸替代主要是发生在密码子第3位点上的同义替换。核苷酸组成分析结果表明:三个目的片段的鸟嘌呤(G)含量普遍较低,在两个蛋白质编码基因密码子第3位点上表现得尤为明显。基于线粒体COI,Cyt b 基因和D-loop片段序列分析结果显示条石鲷和斑石鲷间平均遗传距离分别为0.097,0.080和0.172,属于属内种间差异水平。两种石鲷科鱼类在线粒体基因组不同片段上存在明显的遗传差异,核苷酸替代速率由大到小依次为D-loop>COI>Cyt b。与以往的研究不同,条石鲷和斑石鲷线粒体COI基因片段上的核苷酸替代速率明显的高于Cyt b基因片段,呈现出较快的进化速率。基于Cyt b和ND5两个基因片段序列的分析结果表明:条石鲷和斑石鲷的分歧时间约为385万~530万a,分化事件发生于上新世早期(Early Pliocene)。Abstract: Oplegnathus fasciatus and O. punctatus, belonging to the family Oplegnathidae, are commercially important fisheries resources in China. To date, no researches have been carried out on the relationship between O. fasciatus and O. punctatus by mitochondrial DNA sequences characteristics. Partial nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA COI gene, Cyt b gene and D-loop fragment were sequenced and analyzed to estimate the degree of genetic differentiation between O. fasciatus and O. punctatus. One hundred and three nucleotide substitutions were checked in the total 1 107 bp sequences analyzed, and most of them were synonymous transitions at the third codon positions in the two protein-coding genes. Nucleotide composition analysis indicated a strong bias against guanine (G) in the three fragments, especially in the third codon positions of COI and Cyt b genes. The mean genetic distances based on the COI, Cyt b and D-loop fragments between O. fasciatus and O. punctatus were 0.097, 0.080 and 0.172, respectively. The average genetic distances showed interspecific differentiation within genus. There were obvious differences in the rates of nucleotide substitution between the two species in the three mtDNA segments. In contrast with previous research, the rate of nucleotide substitution for COI gene fragment was higher than that of Cyt b fragment in the present study. The estimated divergence time between O. fasciatus and O. punctatus based on Cyt b and ND5 genes was about 3.85~5.3 million years ago, which indicated a Early Pliocene divergence of the two species.
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Key words:
- Oplegnathus fasciatus /
- O. punctatus /
- mitochondrial DNA /
- genetic distances /
- divergence time
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