2003年春季长江口海域黑水现象研究

何贤强; 唐军武; 白雁; 潘德炉; 朱乾坤; 龚芳

2003年春季长江口海域黑水现象研究

1.
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州,310012
2.
国家海洋局国家卫星海洋应用中心,北京,100081

基金项目: 国家“九七三”计划资助项目(2009CB421202);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40706061);国家“八六三”计划(2007AA12Z137;2008AA09Z104)

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2008-06-10
- 修回日期: 2008-12-10

The black water around the Changjiang Estuary in China in the spring of 2003

1.
State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
National Satellite Ocean Application Service, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要: 长江口海域处于东海大陆架,水深较浅,受长江、钱塘江入海径流及潮汐搅拌的影响,水体浑浊度高,属于典型的二类水体。在浑浊二类水体由于水体中悬浮颗粒的散射作用,离水辐亮度通常较大洋清洁水体的大。通过分析2003年春季黄海、东海二类水体光学试验数据和同时段SeaWiFS卫星遥感数据,发现在长江口东南海域有一个归一化离水辐亮度极小的黑水区域,它在412~670nm波长的归一化离水辐亮度均小于0.5mW/(cm²·μm·sr)。利用现场实测的水体固有光学特性参数(色素吸收系数、非色素颗粒吸收系数、黄色物质吸收系数、颗粒散射系数、颗粒后向散射系数等)和水色要素浓度数据,分析了长江口海域黑水现象的机制,结果表明,长江口外黑水现象主要是由于水体后向散射系数值极小引起的,而造成颗粒后向散射系数值极小的原因主要有两种,一是颗粒物含量低,二是颗粒后向散射率的值小。黑水区浮游植物色素吸收所占的比例较高,大粒径的有机颗粒(浮游植物)导致黑水区域的颗粒后向散射率的值偏小。长江口海域黑水是在特定的颗粒物低含量及颗粒后向散射率极小的条件下出现的光学现象。
- 黑水 /
- 长江口 /
- 固有光学特性 /
- 海洋水色遥感
Abstract: The Changjiang Estuary is located in the East China Sea shelf with shallow water1 Affected by the tide mixing and the runoff of the Chang jiang River and the Qiantang River,the turbidity is very high. Generally,the water-leaving radiance is high in the turbid water with particle scattering. On the basis of the in-situ data and the ocean color remote sensing data of SeaWiFS,it was found that there was a black water region with thenorm alized water-leaving radiances less than 0.5 mW/(cm²·μm·sr) . The optical principle of the occurrence of this black water was analyzed with the inherentoptical properties and the ocean color components. The results show that the black water was caused by the relative low values of the suspended particlematter content and the back scatteringratio. In the black water region,the percentage of the phytoplankt on absorption was relative high,and the large radius of the phytoplankton particle caused the low value of the back scatteringration.
- black water /
- Changjiang Estuary /
- inherentoptical property /
- ocean color remote sensing

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