外来物种沙筛贝对厦门马銮湾大型底栖动物的影响
Effect of exotic species Mytilopsis sallei on macrozoobenthos in the Maluan Bay,Xiamen in China
-
摘要: 沙筛贝(Mytilopsis sallei)属于软体动物门(Mollusca)双壳纲(Bivalvia)帘蛤目(Veneroida)饰贝科(Dreissenidae),也称萨氏仿贻贝.20世纪90年代初作为鱼虾饵料被引到厦门马銮湾,逐渐成为附着生物的优势种,严重影响贝类养殖.在厦门马銮湾水域设计挂板实验和采集沉积物中大型底栖动物,获得了外来物种沙筛贝与其他大型底栖动物的时空分布数据.SPSS统计软件回归分析表明,沙筛贝与网纹藤壶(Balanus reticulatus)在挂板的垂直分布上呈负相关,沙筛贝高密度(大于105个/m2)时能导致网纹藤壶死亡,其主要原因是沙筛贝附着在网纹藤壶壳壁上,抢夺网纹藤壶食物而导致其饿死.无论是在挂板上还是在沉积物中,小头虫(Capitella capitata)、凿贝才女虫(Polydoraciliata)的数量有随沙筛贝数量增加而增加的趋势,这是因为成团的沙筛贝有利于小头虫和凿贝才女虫的栖息.Abstract: Mytilopsis sallei belongs to Dreissenidae, Veneroida, Bivalvia, Mollusca.Mytilopsis sallei was introduced to the Maluan Bay for the food of fish and shrimp in the early 1990s and it became the dominant species of fouling organism and it seriously affacted malacological culture.A new paneltest was designed to study the quant it ative relat ionship between Mytilopsis sallei and other macrozoo benthos out side a shrimp pond in the Maluan Bay in the summer of 2004.Results of regression analysis showed that there was negative correlation between Mytilopsis sallei and Balanus reticulatus.A high mortality of Balanus reticulatus was noted when Mytilopsis sallei was at high density (more than 105 ind./m2).Mytilopsis sallei tended to attach to the shell of Balanus reticulatus and out-competed Balanus reticulatus for food.There were positive correlations among Mytilopsis sallei,Capitella capitata and Polydoraciliata both in the sediment and on panel, because clusters of Mytilopsis sallei were propitious to construction of soft muddy tubes by Capitella capitata and Polydora ciliata.
-
Key words:
- Mytilopsis sallei /
- macrozo obenthos /
- Maluan Bay /
- exotic species
-
《中国生物多样性》编写组.中国生物多样性国情研究报告[R].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1998. MORTON B.Mytilopsis sallei recorded from Hong Kong:an introduction by Vietnamese refugees?[J].Malacol Rev,1983,13:90-92. HUANG Z G,MORTON B.Mytilopsis sallei established in Victoria Harbour[J].Malacol Rev,1993,16:97-98. CHU K H,TAM P E,FUNG C H,et al.A biological survey of ballast water in container ships entering Hong Kong[J].Hydrobiologia,1997,352:201-206. 王建军,黄宗国,郑成兴,等.厦门和东山外来物种沙筛贝的种群动态和结构[J].台湾海峡,1999,18(4):372-377. 蔡立哲,高阳,曾国寿,等.厦门马銮湾虾池外侧水域沙筛贝的时空分布[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2005,44(增刊):54-57. 黄宗国.厦门筑堤围海的回顾与思考[J].厦门科技,1996,6:31-32. 暨卫东.厦门马銮湾有机污染、富营养化状况下的生化关系[J].海洋学报,1998,20(1):134-143. DEVI V U.Changes in oxygen comsumption and biochemical composition of the marine fouling dreissinid bivalve Mytilopsis sallei(Recluz) exposed to mercury[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,1996,33:168-174. DEVI V U.Bio-accumulation and metabolic effects of zinc on marine fouling dreissnid bivalve,Mytilopsis sallei (Recluz)[J].Water,Air,&Soil Pollution,1995,81(3-4):295-304. RAJAGOPAL S,van der VELDE G,van der GAAG M,et al,How effective is intermittent chlorination to control adult mussel fouling in cooling water system?[J].Water Research,2003,37:329-338. 杨清良,陈其焕,林金美,等.厦门马銮湾富营养化水域浮游植物群落的生态特征[J].海洋学报,1998,20(1):101-112. 孙道元,陈木.小头虫作为有机质污染指示生物的调查研究[J].环境科学,1978,(1):17-19. CAI Li-zhe,NORA F Y,TERESA W Y,et al.Using benthic macrofauna to assess environmental quality of four intertidals in Hong Kong and Shenzhen coast[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2003,22(2):309-319. 王建军,黄宗国,李传燕,等.厦门港网箱养殖场污损生物的研究[J].海洋学报,1996,18(5):93-102. 罗大民,方文珍,陈雪平,等.厦门马銮湾湿地及其生态重构示范区生态背景调查报告[A].林鹏.厦门马銮湾湿地及其生态重构示范区生态背景调查报告[R].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2003.99-109. CAI Li-zhe,MA Li,LI Hong-mei.Quantitative distribution and commensal phenomenon of Pseudopythina maipoensis on the intertidal mudflats in Deep Bay (Shenzhen Bay),China[A].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Malacology:No.Ⅸ.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2001.20-30. CAI Li-zhe,MA Li,GAO Yang,et al.Temporal variations in Appseudes mortoni (Crustacea:Tanaidacea) densities on an intertidal mudflat at futian,Deep Bay,China[A].MORTON B.Perspectives on Marine Environment Change in Hong Kong and Southern China,1977-2001[C].Hong Kong:Hong Kong University Press,2003.403-409.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 899
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 1373
- 被引次数: 0