1998年冬季南海上层环流诊断计算
Diagnostic calculation of the upper-layer circulation in the South China Sea during the winter of 1998
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摘要: 基于1998年11月28日至12月27日的调查航次的CTD资料,采用P矢量方法对调查期间南海环流进行了诊断计算,也对比了在此期间TOPEX/ERS卫星高度计SSH的资料,得到了1998年冬季南海上层环流的以下一些重要特征.(1)南海中部环流系统主要特征:在冬季越南近岸出现西边界南向射流.这支沿岸南向射流以东、114°E以西存在一个尺度大的、显著气旋式环流,它位于南自10°N左右北至16°N附近区域.在区域东中部存在一个尺度不大的、较弱的反气旋暖涡.该反气旋涡中心约位于14°N附近.在上述强的气旋式环流涡与较弱的反气旋式环流涡之间,存在一支强的、逆风方向的,即偏东北方向的海流.上述是冬季南海中部基本流态,并与200m处水平温度分布与密度分布有很好的对应.产生上述基本流态的动力原因有两个:1)在偏东北季风作用下,与地形变化相互作用,是本文首次提出的,并指出,其动力原因与冬季黄海暖流形成机制有相似之处;2)由于斜压场与地形的联合效应(JEBAT).(2)在海区南部存在一个反气旋式环流,在加里曼丹岛西北还有一个尺度不大、冷的气旋式涡.(3)南海北部环流系统:1)在吕宋岛西北明显地存在一个气旋环流系统,并有3个冷水中心;2)在此气旋式环流系统的一个冷水中心(约19°30'N,119°30'E)以西,存在一个反气旋式涡;3)在海南岛以南出现一个暖的、反气旋式环流;4)在南海北部,114°E以东、广东沿岸外侧存在一支东北向流.这是管秉贤首次指出的,冬季时出现南海暖流.(4)上述1998年冬季南海上层环流的一些重要特征都与此期间TOPEX/ERS-2卫星高度计SSH分布有较好的相对应.
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关键词:
- 1998年冬季南海上层环流 /
- 环流系统的季节特性 /
- 冬季强的逆风方向的海流 /
- TOPEX/ERS-2SSH分布
Abstract: On the basis of hydrographic data obtained in November 28-December 27, 1998 cruise, diagnostic calculation of the circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) is made by using the P vector method, in combination with SSH data from TOPEX/ERS-2 analysis.The following results have been obtained.(1) The main character istics of the circulation systems in the central SCS are as follows.A coastal southward jet in winter is present at the western boundary near the coast of Vietnam.There is a strong cyclonic circulation with a large horizontal scale east of this coastal southward jet and west of 114°E, and it is located about in the region from 10°N to 16°N.There is a weaker anticyclonic and warm eddy with a not large horizontal scale, and its center is located about at 14°N.There is a strong and nor theastward flow opposing the northeasterly monsoon between a strong cyclonic circulation and a weaker anticyclonic circulation above.The above distribution of circulation is the basic pattern of circulation in the central SCS, which agrees qualitatively with the horizontal distribution of temperature at 200 m level. -
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