摘要:
从五十年代起,放射性废液排放入海后的湍流扩散问题,开始具有工程上的实际意义,引起了人们的注意.湍流扩散基本规律以及与之有关的污染预报是两个重要的方面.但由于海洋湍流扩散是一个随机过程,并要受到季节、海区以及水文气象等多种因素的影响,而且这些因素间又互相制约比较复杂;所以虽然至今的理论与实验研究工作很多,但大多与特定条件有关,迄今还没有一个比较满意的普适理论.因此有必要对我国近海海水湍流扩散基本规律以及适用于我国近海的污染预报问题作进一步的研究.
Abstract:
Fron the simplified mechanism of two-dimensional turbulent diffusion field of the sea,the turbulent diffusion equation is derived and a mathematical model is developed in this paper.The foundamental parameters of horizontal turbulent di,fusion due to isotropic small-scale eddies are obtained from regression analysis of experimental data of thirty observations in eight areas along Chinese coastal waters.Furthermore,the basic laws of turbulent diffusion in sea water off the Chinese coast are derived as K=0.0025U2t and K=0.05U1,showing that the relationship between the coefficient of diffusion and the dimension of the cloud released is a linear one,contrary to the usually accepted 4/3 power law.Pollution of waste disposal into the sea is also discussed and the prediction formula for china coastal waters is derived.Finally,the problems of volume and confinual waste disposal into the sea are discussed.
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