论现实主义原则在海洋地质学中的应用——以中国海岸带及近海大陆架为例
LATE QUATERNARY CONTINENTAL SHELF OF EAST CHINA
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摘要: 近年来,在海洋地质学和沉积学中广泛应用模式概念,试图建立模式以说明或解释某些海洋地质学现象.建立模式的理论根据是经典地质学的一条著名原则,即“现在是过去的钥匙”,这就是一致论或现实主义原则.最近十多年来,研究古代沉积岩的论文绝大多数都有现代或全新世类比(analogue)一节,即主要根据与现代现象的类比,来解释古代沉积岩的发生和成因.这种类比促进了近年海洋地质学和沉积学的巨大发展.但简单的类比往往存在若干缺点和问题,甚至导致错误的结论.Abstract: The continental shelf of the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea is one of the widest shelves of the world,with a width of 600 km and an average gradient less than 1'.During recent years,it has been studied in detail by various Chinese Institutions,especially National Bureau of Oceanography and Marine Geological Survey,Department of Geology.For example,on the shelf of the Yellow Sea,in an area of 240,000 sq.km,scientists of National Bureau of Oceanography have collected 684 samples of bottom sediments and 94 piston coring samples.In addition,a large number of echo-sounding records,seismic reflection profiles and gravity and magnetic measurements have been taken.Consequently,the continental shelf of East China is better known.
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